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Related Concept Videos

Bone Remodeling and Repair01:31

Bone Remodeling and Repair

Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during bone...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the procedure...
Gene Therapy00:59

Gene Therapy

Gene therapy is a technique where a gene is inserted into a person’s cells to prevent or treat a serious disease. The added gene may be a healthy version of the gene that is mutated in the patient, or it could be a different gene that inactivates or compensates for the patient’s disease-causing gene. For example, in patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to a mutation in the gene for the enzyme adenosine deaminase, a functioning version of the gene can be inserted. The...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Visualizing Angiogenesis by Multiphoton Microscopy In Vivo in Genetically Modified 3D-PLGA/nHAp Scaffold for Calvarial Critical Bone Defect Repair
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Visualizing Angiogenesis by Multiphoton Microscopy In Vivo in Genetically Modified 3D-PLGA/nHAp Scaffold for Calvarial Critical Bone Defect Repair

Published on: September 7, 2017

Gene therapy for bone healing.

Christopher H Evans1

  • 1Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Beth-Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, RN-115, Boston, MA 02215, USA. cevans@bidmc.harvard.edu

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine
|June 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gene therapy shows promise for improving bone healing in defects and fractures by delivering specific genes. Further research and regulatory approval are needed for clinical application.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Gene Therapy

Background:

  • Clinical challenges in bone healing include large defects, spinal fusions, and fracture nonunion.
  • Gene-transfer technologies offer potential for localized, sustained delivery of osteogenic factors to promote bone repair.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state and future directions of gene therapy for bone healing.
  • To identify key considerations for developing effective gene transfer strategies for osseous lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental data using various transgenes (e.g., bone morphogenetic proteins), vectors (viral and nonviral), and delivery strategies (in vivo and ex vivo).
  • Evaluation of proof-of-principle studies in small and large animal models.

Main Results:

  • Experimental data predominantly utilize osteogenic growth factors like BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7.
  • Proof of concept is established in small animal models, with encouraging results in larger animals.
  • Challenges remain in developing reliable, clinically applicable gene transfer methods.

Conclusions:

  • Gene therapy holds significant potential for enhancing bone healing processes.
  • Successful clinical translation requires addressing scientific, financial, and regulatory hurdles.
  • Further development necessitates rigorous pharmacological, toxicological, and regulatory evaluations before human trials.