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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation

Assessment of the Abdomen III: Palpation

Palpation is a crucial tactile examination method for assessing abdominal organs and detecting conditions like tenderness, distention, masses, or fluid. It involves both light and deep palpation techniques, each serving specific diagnostic purposes. Light palpation helps identify tenderness and other surface-level indicators, while deep palpation locates and assess abdominal masses and organ boundaries. A skilled professional can gather valuable insights through palpation, including evaluating...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

Ascites

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

Assessment of the Abdomen II: Percussion

Percussion is a fundamental technique used to assess the liver, spleen, and abdominal organs by tapping the abdomen and interpreting the resulting sounds. This method helps identify fluid, distention, and masses through variations in sound, such as the high-pitched tympany of air-filled areas and the dullness of solid masses. Understanding how to percuss these organs provides valuable information for healthcare professionals in diagnosing conditions early.
Percussion
Percussion is an essential...

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension

Laparoscopic Splenectomy with Pericardial Devascularization for Hypersplenism and Esophageal Variceal Hemorrhage Due to Portal Hypertension

Published on: November 15, 2024

[Abdominal splenosis: an often underdiagnosed entity].

J L Vercher-Conejero¹, P Bello-Arqués, L Pelegrí-Martínez

¹Servicio de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Universitario La Fe, Valencia, Spain. jlvercher@hotmail.com

Revista Espanola De Medicina Nuclear

|June 24, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Splenosis, the spread of spleen tissue after injury, can mimic serious conditions like lymphoma. This case highlights how (99m)Tc-RBC scintigraphy accurately diagnosed splenosis in a patient with prior splenectomy.

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Area of Science:

Radiology
Nuclear Medicine
Pathology

Background:

Splenosis is defined as the autotransplantation of splenic tissue following splenic rupture from trauma or surgery.
It is a benign condition but can be mistaken for malignant neoplasms on imaging studies.
Prior splenectomy due to abdominal trauma at age 9 was a key historical factor.

Observation:

A 42-year-old male presented with abdominal pain, leading to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).
MRI revealed multiple enlarged abdominal lymph nodes, initially raising suspicion for lymphoproliferative disease.
The patient's history of splenectomy at a young age was a crucial piece of background information.

Findings:

Further investigation involved (99m)Tc-labeled heat-damaged red blood cell scintigraphy.
The scintigraphy demonstrated multiple ectopic splenic tissue deposits throughout the abdomen and pelvis.
These findings were definitively consistent with splenosis.

Implications:

This case underscores the importance of considering splenosis in patients with a history of splenectomy presenting with abdominal masses.
Accurate diagnosis through appropriate imaging, such as nuclear medicine scans, is crucial to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary invasive procedures.
Understanding splenosis aids in differentiating benign heterotopic splenic tissue from potentially malignant conditions.