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Celiac disease in children and adolescents with autoimmune hepatitis: a single-centre experience

Mortada El-Shabrawi1, Hanaa El-Karaksy, Nabil Mohsen

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11559, Egypt. melshabrawi@medicine.cu.edu.eg

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|June 24, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Celiac disease (CD) is increasingly diagnosed in Egyptian children with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). This study found an 11.5% prevalence of CD in this high-risk group, highlighting the need for careful screening.

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology and Hepatology
  • Pediatric Autoimmune Diseases
  • Clinical Immunology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is a significant autoimmune disorder with rising incidence globally.
  • Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is recognized as a risk factor for developing CD.
  • North Africa, including Egypt, is experiencing an increase in reported CD cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of celiac disease (CD) diagnosis in Egyptian children diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).
  • To assess the diagnostic utility of serological markers and histopathology in identifying CD in AIH patients.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 26 Egyptian children with AIH (ages 3.5-21) and 20 healthy controls.
  • Serological screening using immunoglobulin A (IgA) endomysial antibody (IgA-EMA) and IgA human tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA-tTGA).
  • Confirmation of CD diagnosis through upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and jejunal biopsy histopathology.

Main Results:

  • Celiac disease antibodies (IgA-EMA and/or IgA-tTGA) were detected in 15.4% of AIH patients.
  • Histopathological confirmation of CD was achieved in 11.5% of the studied AIH cohort.
  • A notable prevalence of CD was observed in this high-risk pediatric population.

Conclusions:

  • The study reveals a significant prevalence of celiac disease (11.5%) among Egyptian children with autoimmune hepatitis.
  • These findings underscore the importance of screening for CD in pediatric patients with AIH in the region.
  • Early detection and management of CD in high-risk groups are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Abstract

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