Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Habituation and Prepulse Inhibition of Acoustic Startle in Rodents
Published on: September 1, 2011
An unusual cause of delirium
Kendra Becker1, Charles Poon, Michelle Zeidler
1Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles, CA, USA. kendrabecker@gmail.com
Abstract:
Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), central sleep apnea (CSA), and Cheyne-Stokes breathing is common in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). In a study of 81 males with an ejection fraction (EF) < 45%, 51% of patients had documented SDB with the majority of cases representing CSA. Studies suggest that SDB is an independent risk factor for increased morbidity and mortality in the setting of CHF. Like OSA, CSA frequently presents with nighttime awakenings, nocturnal hypoxia, and daytime somnolence, but only OSA has been reported to present with delirium. We present a patient with clear manifestations of CSA with frank delirium that improved only after BPAP therapy.
Related Concept Videos
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Positive Symptoms of Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions
Thought Disorders
Disorganized and unusual thought processes mark thought disorders in schizophrenia. One key feature is disorganized speech, where an individual's conversation includes loosely...
Dementia l: Introduction
Encephalitis l: Introduction
Positive Symptoms Schizophrenia: Hallucinations and Delusions
Hallucinations
Hallucinations in...
Diabetes Insipidus I: Introduction
