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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
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The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Pre-exposure to context affects learning strategy selection in mice.

Tumay Tunur1, Gary P Dohanich, Laura A Schrader

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA.

Learning & Memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.)
|June 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The context of learning influences strategy use in mice. Male mice preferred place strategies after same-context pre-exposure, while females required ovarian hormones for this bias.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Animal Behavior

Background:

  • The multiple memory systems hypothesis posits that distinct brain neural systems govern different learning strategies.
  • Understanding how environmental context and sex influence these systems is crucial for memory research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of pre-exposure context in modulating spatial (place) versus non-spatial (response) strategy selection in a water plus-maze task.
  • To examine sex differences in strategy bias, particularly the influence of ovarian hormones in females.

Main Methods:

  • Male and female mice were trained on a water plus-maze task.
  • Two pre-exposure conditions were used: same context (PTC) and different context (PDC).
  • Strategy use (place vs. response) was assessed.

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Analyzing Spatial Learning and Prosocial Behavior in Mice Using the Barnes Maze and Damsel-in-Distress Paradigms
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Analyzing Spatial Learning and Prosocial Behavior in Mice Using the Barnes Maze and Damsel-in-Distress Paradigms

Published on: November 17, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents
09:01

The Double-H Maze: A Robust Behavioral Test for Learning and Memory in Rodents

Published on: July 8, 2015

Analyzing Spatial Learning and Prosocial Behavior in Mice Using the Barnes Maze and Damsel-in-Distress Paradigms
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Analyzing Spatial Learning and Prosocial Behavior in Mice Using the Barnes Maze and Damsel-in-Distress Paradigms

Published on: November 17, 2018

Main Results:

  • Pre-exposure to the training context (PTC) biased male mice towards using a place strategy.
  • In females, the PTC-induced bias for place strategy was contingent upon the presence of ovarian hormones.
  • No significant bias was observed in the different-context pre-exposure (PDC) group for either sex.

Conclusions:

  • Environmental context plays a significant role in shaping memory strategy selection in rodents.
  • Ovarian hormones are critical modulators of context-dependent strategy bias in female mice.
  • Findings support the multiple memory systems hypothesis by demonstrating context- and sex-dependent neural system engagement.