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Related Concept Videos

Shearing Stress01:18

Shearing Stress

Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
The average shearing stress can be calculated by dividing the shear by the area of the cross-section.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Electrophysiological Recordings of Single-cell Ion Currents Under Well-defined Shear Stress
07:17

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Published on: August 2, 2019

Shear stress-induced volume decrease in C11-MDCK cells by BK-alpha/beta4.

J David Holtzclaw1, Liping Liu, P Richard Grimm

  • 1Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, 68198-5850, USA.

American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology
|June 26, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) regulate intercalated cell (IC) volume. Shear stress induces BK-alpha/beta4 channels to reduce IC volume by decreasing intracellular potassium content.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cell Physiology
  • Ion Channel Function

Background:

  • Large-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) are present in kidney nephron cells, specifically principal cells (PC) and intercalated cells (IC).
  • Intercalated cells (IC) express a higher abundance of BK channels (BK-alpha/beta4) compared to principal cells (PC).
  • Previous studies indicated IC volume reduction under high distal flow conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of BK-alpha/beta4 channels in regulating IC volume.
  • To determine if shear stress induces a calcium-dependent mechanism leading to reduced intracellular potassium content in IC.
  • To validate C11 cells as an in vitro model for studying BK channel function in kidney IC.

Main Methods:

  • Western blot and immunocytochemistry to confirm BK-alpha/beta4 predominance in C11 cells.
  • Exposure of C11 cells to shear stress (tau) at 10 dynes/cm(2).
  • Measurement of potassium (K+) efflux using flame photometry and cell volume via calcein staining.

Main Results:

  • Shear stress significantly increased calcein intensity (39%) and decreased monovalent cationic content (37%) in C11 cells.
  • Shear-induced K+ loss was inhibited by reducing extracellular calcium, adding TEA, or using BK-beta4 siRNA.
  • Nontarget siRNA did not affect shear-induced K+ loss, confirming BK-beta4 specificity.

Conclusions:

  • BK-alpha/beta4 channels are involved in shear-induced potassium loss from IC.
  • BK-alpha/beta4 channels play a role in regulating IC volume under high-flow conditions.
  • C11 cells serve as a suitable in vitro model for studying BK channel functions in kidney intercalated cells.