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Published on: May 10, 2024
Glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms in osteosarcoma patients.
Carolina Salinas-Souza1, Antonio S Petrilli, Silvia R C de Toledo
1Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Oncology Institute (IOP/GRAACC/UNIFESP), Genetics Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms influence osteosarcoma outcomes. Specific GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes correlate with treatment response, survival, and metastasis risk in osteosarcoma patients.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Genetics
- Pharmacogenomics
Background:
- Osteosarcoma, a common pediatric bone cancer, faces challenges with multidrug resistance and poor outcomes.
- Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes are crucial for detoxifying xenobiotics, including chemotherapy drugs.
- Genetic variations (polymorphisms) in GST genes are linked to both cancer development and drug resistance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the genotype frequencies of GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTM3 genes in osteosarcoma patients and healthy controls.
- To evaluate the impact of these GST gene polymorphisms on the clinical outcomes of osteosarcoma patients.
Main Methods:
- Multiplex-PCR was used to analyze deletion polymorphisms in GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes.
- PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) identified a three-base pair deletion polymorphism in GSTM3 intron 6.
Main Results:
- GSTM1 null genotype correlated with increased lung relapse (OR=2.71, P=0.036).
- Presence of a GSTM1 allele was linked to better treatment response and survival (OR=4.28, P=0.020; HR=4.09, P=0.0078).
- GSTT1 null genotype was associated with better overall survival (HR=7.15, P=0.0247), and GSTM3*B allele with metastasis at diagnosis (OR=2.83, P=0.028).
Conclusions:
- GST gene polymorphisms may play a significant role in predicting treatment response in osteosarcoma.
- These genetic variations could influence the progression and prognosis of osteosarcoma.
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