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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography
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Reservoir Condition Pore-scale Imaging of Multiple Fluid Phases Using X-ray Microtomography

Published on: February 25, 2015

Gradient-index profile control from mixed molten salt baths.

J E Samuels, D T Moore

    Applied Optics
    |June 26, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Molten salt bath composition significantly impacts gradient-index profiles from silver-sodium ion exchange. Additives improved ion exchange, reducing profile degradation and enhancing refractive index changes for optical applications.

    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Optics
    • Chemical Engineering

    Background:

    • Gradient-index (GRIN) materials are crucial for optical components.
    • Ion exchange is a common method for fabricating GRIN materials.
    • Silver-sodium ion exchange in molten salts can create GRIN profiles but suffers from degradation over time.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effect of molten salt bath composition on silver-sodium ion exchange.
    • To explore additives for enhancing ion exchange and improving GRIN profile quality.
    • To quantify the impact of additives on refractive index change and profile stability.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of GRIN materials via silver-sodium ion exchange in molten AgCl.
    • Utilized two types of additives to modify the molten salt bath.

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    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

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  • Analyzed the resulting gradient-index profiles and refractive index changes at 0.6328 microm.

    • Main Results:

    • Molten salt bath composition strongly influenced the resulting gradient-index profile.
    • Both additive techniques reduced profile degradation during long diffusion times.
    • One additive technique increased the refractive index change from 0.06 to 0.15 in a regular manner.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimizing molten salt bath composition is key for controlling GRIN profiles.
    • Additives can effectively mitigate profile degradation in silver-sodium ion exchange.
    • Specific additives offer a pathway to enhance both the stability and magnitude of refractive index changes in GRIN materials.