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Related Concept Videos

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay01:33

Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

In 1971, Peter Perlman and Eva Engvall developed an Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA or EIA). ELISA differs from western blot in that the assays are conducted in microtiter plates or in vivo rather than on an absorbent membrane.
There are many different types of ELISAs, but they all involve an antibody molecule whose constant region binds an enzyme, leaving the variable region free to bind its specific antigen.  Enzyme-substrate reaction allows the antigen to be visualized or quantified.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
07:04

Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

Published on: May 2, 2025

Surface plasmon immunoassay.

E Fontana, R H Pantell, S Strober

    Applied Optics
    |June 26, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel no-label surface plasmon immunoassay (SPI) offers a sensitive and specific method for detecting antibody levels in blood serum. This technique avoids radioactive or fluorescent labels, providing a simpler and faster alternative to traditional assays.

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    Fabricating a UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Platform
    09:02

    Fabricating a UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Platform

    Published on: November 10, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

    Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology
    07:04

    Identifying PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors with Surface Plasmon Resonance Technology

    Published on: May 2, 2025

    Fabricating a UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Platform
    09:02

    Fabricating a UV-Vis and Raman Spectroscopy Immunoassay Platform

    Published on: November 10, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Analytical Chemistry
    • Immunotechnology

    Background:

    • Existing antibody detection assays rely on labeled tracers (radioisotopes, fluorofore, enzymes).
    • Surface plasmon spectroscopy (SPS) offers a label-free approach for antibody quantification.
    • Initial surface plasmon immunoassay (SPI) configurations showed instability in complex biological samples like blood serum.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and validate a stable and practical label-free surface plasmon immunoassay (SPI) for antibody detection in blood serum.
    • To assess the performance of the optimized SPI compared to established immunoassay techniques.

    Main Methods:

    • Immobilization of antigen proteins on a specifically designed metal surface.
    • Utilizing surface plasmon spectroscopy for label-free detection of specific antibodies.
    • Assaying antibodies against dinitrophenyl (DNP) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) in blood serum samples.

    Main Results:

    • An optimized metal surface structure significantly improved SPI stability and practicality.
    • The developed SPI method demonstrated simple and fast measurements.
    • Preliminary results showed SPI sensitivity and specificity comparable to radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

    Conclusions:

    • A properly designed metal surface enables a highly practical label-free surface plasmon immunoassay (SPI).
    • Optimized SPI provides a sensitive, specific, and rapid alternative for antibody level determination in complex samples like blood serum.
    • This label-free approach holds potential to replace or complement traditional labeled immunoassays.