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Hemoptysis in children with pandemic influenza H1N1 2009 infection

Lucksamee Haura1, Boonyarat Warachit, Jarika Makkoch

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Hatyai Hospital, Songkhla, Thailand.

The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health
|June 29, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Previously healthy children with influenza A H1N1 experienced hemoptysis and pneumonia. Prompt oseltamivir treatment led to rapid recovery, avoiding intubation, highlighting effective antiviral therapy for pediatric H1N1 cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Virology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Influenza A H1N1 outbreaks can affect school-aged children.
  • Hemoptysis is a rare but serious complication of pediatric influenza.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing severe influenza cases.

Observation:

  • Three previously healthy children presented with hemoptysis following influenza outbreaks.
  • Symptoms included fever, rhinorrhea, severe cough, and hemoptysis, with two cases showing viral pneumonia.
  • One child experienced massive hemoptysis, but coagulation profiles were normal.

Findings:

  • All patients tested positive for human pandemic influenza A H1N1 via RT-PCR.
  • Nasopharyngeal swabs confirmed H1N1 infection; sputum tests for tuberculosis were negative.
  • Rapid and complete recovery was observed in all patients following oseltamivir treatment.

Implications:

  • Oseltamivir is an effective treatment for severe pediatric influenza A H1N1, including cases with hemoptysis.
  • This case series underscores the importance of considering influenza in children presenting with hemoptysis.
  • Timely antiviral intervention can prevent severe outcomes like respiratory failure and the need for mechanical ventilation.

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