Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

Focusing of Light in the Eye

Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Automated Optic Disc Tilt Classification in Fundus Photographs Using Segmentation and the Elliptical Ratio: External Clinical Validation Study.

JMIR formative research·2026
Same author

Parkinson's disease risk in patients with ocular motor cranial neuropathy: a Korean population-based study.

Parkinsonism & related disorders·2026
Same author

Characteristics of refractive errors in children with intermittent exotropia compared with the general population.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Association of polysomnography findings of obstructive sleep apnea with non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy manifestations.

Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung·2026
Same author

Cold-injection synthesis of highly emissive perovskite nanocrystals.

Nature·2026
Same author

Myopia Management Consensus Statement in South Korean Children 2025 by the Korean Myopia Society for the Korean Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus.

Korean journal of ophthalmology : KJO·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Long-term changes in refractive error in patients with accommodative esotropia.

Kyung-Ah Park1, Sun-Ah Kim, Sei Yeul Oh

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Ophthalmology
|June 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Accommodative esotropia patients experienced a continuous decrease in spherical equivalent (SE) refractive error over time. This refractive error change was influenced by spectacle wear and the presence of amblyopia.

More Related Videos

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes
08:27

Quantification of Oculomotor Responses and Accommodation Through Instrumentation and Analysis Toolboxes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
05:14

Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter

Published on: September 16, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Refractive Error Research
  • Pediatric Eye Care

Background:

  • Accommodative esotropia is a common form of strabismus in children.
  • Understanding refractive error changes is crucial for effective management.
  • Long-term data on refractive changes in these patients are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate longitudinal changes in spherical equivalent (SE) refractive error and astigmatism.
  • To analyze these changes in Korean patients diagnosed with accommodative esotropia.
  • To identify factors influencing refractive error progression in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective case series design was employed.
  • 111 patients with accommodative esotropia and at least 2 years of follow-up post-spectacle prescription were analyzed.
  • Patients were stratified by age at prescription, initial refractive error, astigmatism severity, and amblyopia status.

Main Results:

  • A consistent decrease in SE refractive error was observed across all age groups over a mean follow-up of 7.55 years.
  • Eyes with amblyopia showed a greater reduction in SE compared to non-amblyopic eyes.
  • Initial hyperopia and amblyopia significantly correlated with SE changes, while initial astigmatism correlated with astigmatism changes.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with accommodative esotropia demonstrate a sustained decrease in SE refractive error over time.
  • Both spectacle wear and the presence of amblyopia appear to be significant factors influencing refractive error changes in these patients.