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[Essential fatty acids in carcinoma].

J Skorepa1, E Sindelková, Z Zadák

  • 1Laborator pro výzkum aterosklerózy I. LF UK Praha.

Vnitrni Lekarstvi
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Cancer patients show lower levels of derived essential fatty acids (EFAs), crucial for cell membranes. This reduction in polyunsaturated fatty acids is linked to increased consumption by cancerous tissues.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Oncology
  • Nutrition Science

Context:

  • Carcinomatous tissues exhibit high metabolic activity, consuming significant amounts of polyenic fatty acids.
  • Polyenic fatty acids are vital components of cellular biomembranes, particularly during rapid cell growth.
  • Plasma levels of essential fatty acids (EFAs) can serve as indicators of metabolic changes in disease states.

Purpose:

  • To compare plasma essential fatty acid (EFA) profiles in patients with carcinoma, healthy controls, and individuals with sub-nutrition.
  • To investigate the specific alterations in EFA levels associated with carcinoma.
  • To determine if carcinoma influences the metabolism and utilization of EFAs.

Summary:

  • Plasma EFA profiles significantly differed among patients with carcinoma, controls, and sub-nourished groups.
  • Patients with carcinoma displayed reduced levels of derived EFAs (arachidonic acid [20:4w6], eicosapentaenoic acid [20:5w3], and docosahexaenoic acid [22:6w3]).
  • Primary EFA, linoleic acid (18:2w6), remained unaltered in carcinoma patients, suggesting a specific depletion of derived forms.

Impact:

  • The findings indicate a specific depletion of derived EFAs in carcinoma patients, likely due to increased consumption by tumor tissues.
  • This reduction highlights the critical role of EFAs in the formation and maintenance of cellular biomembranes, especially in the context of cancer.
  • Understanding these metabolic shifts could inform nutritional strategies and biomarker development for cancer management.

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