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Related Concept Videos

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of homologous...
Cohesins02:20

Cohesins

Cohesin protein complexes are a molecular glue that holds two sister chromatids together. They play an important role both in mitosis and meiosis. In mitosis, all cohesin complexes present on the chromosomes are removed before the start of the anaphase stage.
Cohesin complexes in Meiotic Division
Meiosis involves two distinct rounds of chromosomal segregation and cell divisions— Meiosis I followed by Meiosis II – producing four daughter cells. Meiosis I includes the separation of homologous...
Spindle Assembly02:50

Spindle Assembly

Spindle assembly occurs through three, often coexisting, pathways – the centrosome-mediated pathway, the chromatin-mediated pathway, and the microtubule-mediated pathway – collectively contributing to form a robust spindle apparatus.
In most cells, centrosomes are the primary microtubule nucleation centers. In the centrosome-mediated pathway, the G2-prophase transition triggers centrosome maturation and increased microtubule nucleation. Progressive nucleation results in a microtubule array...
Separation of Sister Chromatids02:17

Separation of Sister Chromatids

At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast
07:31

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast

Published on: June 30, 2022

SON is a spliceosome-associated factor required for mitotic progression.

Michael S Y Huen1, Shirley M H Sy, Ka Man Leung

  • 1Genome Stability Research Laboratory, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR. huen.michael@hku.hk

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|June 29, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The RNA/DNA-binding protein SON is crucial for cell division and genome stability. Its absence causes mitotic delays, chromosome segregation errors, and cell death, revealing RNA splicing

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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
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Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis

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Meiotic Spindle Assessment in Mouse Oocytes by siRNA-mediated Silencing
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Meiotic Spindle Assessment in Mouse Oocytes by siRNA-mediated Silencing

Published on: October 11, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast
07:31

ACT1-CUP1 Assays Determine the Substrate-Specific Sensitivities of Spliceosomal Mutants in Budding Yeast

Published on: June 30, 2022

Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis
08:33

Combining Mitotic Cell Synchronization and High Resolution Confocal Microscopy to Study the Role of Multifunctional Cell Cycle Proteins During Mitosis

Published on: December 5, 2017

Meiotic Spindle Assessment in Mouse Oocytes by siRNA-mediated Silencing
09:16

Meiotic Spindle Assessment in Mouse Oocytes by siRNA-mediated Silencing

Published on: October 11, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic RNA splicing machinery removes introns from nascent RNA transcripts, enabling proper gene expression.
  • Emerging evidence indicates RNA splicing's involvement in maintaining genome stability.
  • The spliceosome, a complex molecular machine, is central to RNA splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel roles for RNA-binding proteins in cell division.
  • To investigate the function of the RNA/DNA-binding protein SON during mitosis.
  • To explore the connection between RNA processing and genome stability.

Main Methods:

  • Identification of SON as a spliceosome component.
  • Analysis of SON's role in cell proliferation and mitotic progression.
  • Investigation of mitotic defects, including chromosome congression, segregation, and cytokinesis, in SON-deficient cells.
  • Assessment of aneuploidy and cell death following SON inactivation.

Main Results:

  • SON is essential for cell proliferation and is a component of the spliceosome.
  • SON inactivation leads to a MAD2-dependent mitotic delay.
  • SON deficiency results in defective chromosome congression, segregation, and cytokinesis, causing aneuploidy and cell death.

Conclusions:

  • The RNA/DNA-binding protein SON plays critical, pleiotropic roles during mitosis.
  • SON is essential for maintaining genome stability and proper cell division.
  • RNA processing, through proteins like SON, represents an additional regulatory layer for cell proliferation and division.