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Long antisense non-coding RNAs and their role in transcription and oncogenesis

Kevin V Morris1, Peter K Vogt

  • 1Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. kmorris@scipps.edu

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|June 29, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are abundant and can regulate gene expression. This review highlights evidence that antisense lncRNAs impact epigenetic states and may contribute to cancer development.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) constitute a significant portion of human cellular transcripts.
  • A substantial fraction of these lncRNAs exhibit antisense orientation relative to other transcripts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review experimental evidence linking long antisense non-coding RNAs to gene expression regulation.
  • To explore the role of these RNAs in epigenetic modifications.
  • To examine their potential involvement in oncogenic cellular transformation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of experimental systems.
  • Analysis of evidence for epigenetic alterations.
  • Assessment of data on oncogenic transformation.

Main Results:

  • Long antisense non-coding RNAs are implicated in transcriptional regulation.
  • These RNAs can modify epigenetic states at both nearby and distant genetic loci.
  • Emerging evidence suggests a role in oncogenic cellular transformation.

Conclusions:

  • Long antisense non-coding RNAs are key regulators of gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms.
  • Further research is warranted to fully understand their function in normal physiology and disease, particularly cancer.

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