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Related Concept Videos

Electrical Energy01:10

Electrical Energy

Using electric appliances for a longer period of time consumes more electrical energy and results in a higher electric bill. The energy produced by the transfer of electrons from one point to another is known as electrical energy. If power is delivered at a constant rate, the electrical energy can be defined as the product of power used by the device for a period of time. The energy unit on electric bills is the kilowatt-hour, where one kilowatt-hour is equivalent to 3.6 × 106 joules. The...

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Microfabricated incandescent lamps.

C H Mastrangelo, R S Muller, S Kumar

    Applied Optics
    |June 29, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Researchers developed a novel silicon filament incandescent light source using integrated circuit technology. This micro-scale light source operates at 1400 K, emitting 250 microwatts of optical power with 5% efficiency.

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    Area of Science:

    • Solid-state physics
    • Microfabrication
    • Optoelectronics

    Background:

    • Traditional incandescent light sources are inefficient and bulky.
    • Miniaturization of light sources is crucial for advanced sensing and imaging applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To fabricate a novel silicon filament incandescent light source using integrated circuit (IC) technology.
    • To characterize the optical and electrical properties of the micro-scale light source.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a silicon filament (p(+) polysilicon coated with silicon nitride) within a vacuum-sealed cavity on a silicon chip using IC technology.
    • Electrical heating of the filament to achieve incandescence at approximately 1400 K.
    • Measurement of optical power output, peak wavelength, and energy conversion efficiency.

    Main Results:

    • A silicon filament incandescent light source was successfully fabricated.
    • The source operates at 1400 K, requiring 5 mW of power for a 510 x 5 x 1 micrometer filament.
    • Total optical power output is 250 microwatts with a peak wavelength near 2.5 micrometers.
    • Energy conversion efficiency was measured at 5%, with radiation following Lambert's cosine law.

    Conclusions:

    • IC technology enables the fabrication of efficient, micro-scale incandescent light sources.
    • The developed silicon filament source shows potential for applications requiring compact and integrated illumination.
    • Further optimization could enhance efficiency and tailor emission characteristics for specific uses.