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Related Concept Videos

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:26

Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is the common plasma source used in atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), a technique that detects and analyzes various elements in a sample. This method is often called inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES).
There are three main types of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy  (ICP-AES) instruments: sequential, simultaneous multichannel, and Fourier transform instruments, with the latter being less commonly used.
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation01:22

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Instrumentation

An atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) comprises several components: a radiation source, an atomizer, a monochromator, and a detector. The radiation source can be a hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) or an electrodeless-discharge lamp (EDL), both of which provide a narrow emission line of the required wavelength. However, some instruments use continuum sources and high-resolution monochromators to achieve a narrow range of radiation.
The atomizer used in AAS can be either a flame atomizer or an...
Aliasing01:18

Aliasing

Accurate signal sampling and reconstruction are crucial in various signal-processing applications. A time-domain signal's spectrum can be revealed using its Fourier transform. When this signal is sampled at a specific frequency, it results in multiple scaled replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain. The spacing of these replicas is determined by the sampling frequency.
If the sampling frequency is below the Nyquist rate, these replicas overlap, preventing the original signal...
IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations01:08

IR Spectrum Peak Splitting: Symmetric vs Asymmetric Vibrations

Identical bonds within a polyatomic group can stretch symmetrically (in-phase) or asymmetrically (out-of-phase). Similar to hydrogen bonding, these vibrations also influence the shape of the IR peak. Generally, asymmetric stretching frequencies are higher than symmetric stretching frequencies. For example, primary amines exhibit two distinct IR peaks between 3300–3500 cm−1 corresponding to the symmetric and asymmetric N-H stretching, while secondary amines exhibit a single stretching vibration...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...

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Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography
11:21

Integrated Photoacoustic Ophthalmoscopy and Spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography

Published on: January 15, 2013

Interferometric scanning acoustooptic spectrum analyzer.

L Jakab, P Richter

    Applied Optics
    |June 29, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    A novel interferometric acoustooptic (AO) spectrum analyzer uses a Bragg cell and photodetector for high-speed spectral analysis. This system achieves a 70 dB dynamic range with a large time-bandwidth product.

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    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis
    13:31

    High Speed Sub-GHz Spectrometer for Brillouin Scattering Analysis

    Published on: December 22, 2015

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Signal Processing
    • Acousto-Optics

    Background:

    • Traditional spectrum analyzers often face limitations in speed and dynamic range.
    • Acousto-optic (AO) devices offer unique capabilities for real-time signal processing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce a new interferometric scanning acoustooptic (AO) spectrum analyzer architecture.
    • To demonstrate enhanced performance metrics including dynamic range, time-bandwidth product, and speed.

    Main Methods:

    • Replaced instantaneous detector arrays with an AO Bragg cell driven by a radio frequency (rf) pulse.
    • Utilized a single fast photodetector to capture the diffracted beam mixed with a local oscillator.
    • Analyzed the temporal modulation of the heterodyne signal to derive the input signal spectrum.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a dynamic range of 70 dB.
    • Demonstrated a large time-bandwidth product of 1000.
    • Attained high-speed spectral analysis with a rate of 50 microseconds per spectrum.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed interferometric AO spectrum analyzer architecture provides linear spectral characteristics.
    • This design offers a significant improvement in dynamic range and speed for spectral analysis applications.