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Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS01:11

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

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An Immunohistopathologic Study to Profile the Folate Receptor Beta Macrophage and Vascular Immune Microenvironment in Giant Cell Arteritis
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Giant cell arteritis in Asians: a comparative study.

Luciano S Pereira1, Michael K Yoon, Thomas N Hwang

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology
|June 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is significantly less common in Asian patients compared to Caucasian patients. This study found GCA occurred 20 times less frequently in Asians, highlighting potential ethnic disparities in this vasculitis.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Systemic Vasculitis
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a prevalent systemic vasculitis, typically observed with a higher incidence in Caucasian populations.
  • The epidemiological data regarding GCA occurrence in Asian populations remains limited.
  • This study addresses the under-researched incidence of GCA among Asian individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the incidence of giant cell arteritis (GCA) in an Asian patient cohort.
  • To compare the GCA incidence between Asian and Caucasian populations within a specific healthcare system.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) cases at the University of California-San Francisco (UCSF).
  • Self-reported ethnicities of GCA patients were recorded and compared to the ethnic distribution of the UCSF-served population.
  • Statistical analysis, including Fisher's exact test and logistic regression, was used to determine the odds ratio for GCA in Asian versus Caucasian patients.

Main Results:

  • Out of 38 patients with positive temporal artery biopsies, 31 were Caucasian (81.6%) and 1 was Asian (2.6%).
  • The UCSF patient population comprises 42% Caucasian and 28% Asian individuals.
  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) was found to be 20 times less frequent in Asian patients compared to Caucasian patients (OR 0.049, p=0.0036).

Conclusions:

  • Giant cell arteritis (GCA) demonstrates a significantly lower incidence in Asian patients compared to Caucasian patients within the studied population.
  • The observed ethnic disparity in GCA frequency warrants further investigation.
  • While statistically significant, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size and wide confidence interval.