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Related Concept Videos

Altruism01:03

Altruism

Altruistic behaviors are “unselfish” behaviors—those that help another individual at the expense of the individual carrying out the behavior. Despite the negative consequences for the altruistic animal, these behaviors are thought to have evolved for several reasons.
Inclusive Fitness00:57

Inclusive Fitness

Most altruistic behavior—in which one animal helps another at a cost to themselves—occurs between relatives. Scientists think these altruistic behaviors evolved because they increase the inclusive fitness of the animal providing help.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)
10:36

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Published on: January 24, 2011

Reward expectations in honeybees.

Mariana Gil1

  • 1Free University of Berlin; Department of Biology/Chemistry/Pharmacy; Institute of Biology/Neurobiology; Berlin, Germany.

Communicative & Integrative Biology
|June 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Honeybees form long-term reward expectations to manage foraging energy and time. These findings offer insights into the neurobiology of reward learning and memory in bees.

Keywords:
expectationsforaginghoneybeesproboscis extension responsereward

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Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)
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Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Published on: December 12, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)
10:36

Behavioural Pharmacology in Classical Conditioning of the Proboscis Extension Response in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)

Published on: January 24, 2011

A Proboscis Extension Response Protocol for Investigating Behavioral Plasticity in Insects: Application to Basic, Biomedical, and Agricultural Research
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A Proboscis Extension Response Protocol for Investigating Behavioral Plasticity in Insects: Application to Basic, Biomedical, and Agricultural Research

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Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)
10:14

Tactile Conditioning And Movement Analysis Of Antennal Sampling Strategies In Honey Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

Published on: December 12, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Neurobiology
  • Animal Cognition

Background:

  • Goal-directed behavior, decision-making, and planning are influenced by reward expectations.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for various biological disciplines.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent studies on how honeybees' foraging behavior is shaped by reward expectations.
  • To introduce a laboratory method for studying the neural basis of reward expectations in honeybees.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of free-flying honeybee foraging patterns.
  • Development of a laboratory procedure for neural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Honeybees establish long-term reward expectations.
  • These expectations regulate energy and time investment during foraging.
  • A laboratory method for neural substrate analysis was established.

Conclusions:

  • Honeybee foraging behavior is significantly regulated by reward expectations.
  • Findings contribute to understanding individual and collective foraging strategies.
  • The study provides a foundation for neurobiological research on reward learning and memory.