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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
11:39

The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

Published on: July 11, 2013

Managing pediatric patients with psoriasis.

Susan Bard1, Daniele Torchia, Lawrence A Schachner

  • 1University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, Miami, FL 33136, USA.

American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
|July 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Childhood psoriasis can be effectively treated with etanercept, a biological agent. This treatment shows symptom reduction within 4 weeks and is generally well-tolerated in children aged 8 and older.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis
11:39

The Goeckerman Regimen for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Psoriasis

Published on: July 11, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Childhood-onset psoriasis affects a significant portion of pediatric patients.
  • Biological agents represent a promising therapeutic avenue for pediatric psoriasis.
  • Etanercept is a biologic recently approved in Europe for treating children aged 8+.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of etanercept in children with psoriasis.
  • To assess the onset of therapeutic benefits with etanercept treatment in pediatric patients.
  • To review the tolerability profile of etanercept in the pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • A well-designed clinical trial was conducted in pediatric patients with psoriasis.
  • Etanercept was administered to children aged 8 years and older.
  • Psoriasis symptom severity and adverse events were monitored throughout the study.

Main Results:

  • Etanercept demonstrated significant reduction in psoriasis symptoms in children.
  • Beneficial effects of etanercept were observed as early as 4 weeks post-treatment initiation.
  • Adverse effects associated with etanercept were predominantly mild to moderate in severity.

Conclusions:

  • Etanercept is an effective and well-tolerated treatment option for childhood-onset psoriasis.
  • Early intervention with etanercept can lead to rapid symptom improvement in pediatric patients.
  • Further investigation into biological agents for childhood psoriasis is warranted.