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Fluorescence-based sensing with optical nanowires: a generalized model and experimental validation.

Stephen C Warren-Smith1, Shahraam Afshar, Tanya M Monro

  • 1Centre of Expertise in Photonics, Institute for Photonics & Advanced Sensing, School of Chemistry & Physics, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. stephen.warrensmith@adelaide.edu.au

Optics Express
|July 1, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A new model for optical nanowire fluorescence sensing shows high-refractive-index materials enhance sensing. Nanoscale fiber cores benefit low-concentration sensing by increasing evanescent field power.

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Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Biomedical Sensing

Background:

  • Optical nanowires, also known as small-core high-refractive-index fibers, are promising for fluorescence sensing applications.
  • Existing models often do not account for higher-order modes and loss factors crucial for nanowire performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a comprehensive model for the fluorescence sensing properties of optical nanowires.
  • To quantitatively compare model predictions with experimental results for suspended, fluorophore-filled nanowires.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a theoretical model incorporating higher-order modes and loss factors specific to optical nanowires.
  • Quantitative experimental validation using fluorophore-filled suspended optical nanowires.

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Main Results:

  • Numerical simulations indicate that high-refractive-index materials significantly benefit fluorescence-based sensing.
  • Both numerical and experimental data reveal that fluorescence signal is largely insensitive to core size.
  • Nanoscale fiber cores demonstrate an advantage in low-concentration sensing due to enhanced evanescent field power.

Conclusions:

  • The developed model accurately predicts optical nanowire fluorescence sensing behavior.
  • High-index materials are advantageous for fluorescence sensing with optical nanowires.
  • Nanoscale fiber dimensions are critical for optimizing low-concentration sensing applications.