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Pump scheme for gain-flattened Raman fiber amplifiers using improved particle swarm optimization and modified
Hai-ming Jiang1, Kang Xie, Ya-fei Wang
1School of Opto-Electronic Information, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, No.4 Section 2, North Jianshe Road, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China. jianghm@uestc.edu.cn
Optics Express
|July 1, 2010
Summary
A new pump scheme enhances Raman fiber amplifier design. This method optimizes pump parameters for broadband, flat gain spectrums, achieving 13.3 dB gain over 80 nm bandwidth with minimal ripples.
Area of Science:
- Optical Engineering
- Telecommunications
- Computational Physics
Background:
- Raman fiber amplifiers are crucial for broadband optical communication systems.
- Designing amplifiers with flat gain spectrums and high bandwidth remains a challenge.
- Efficient optimization of pump parameters is key to achieving desired amplifier performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose an effective pump scheme for designing broadband and flat gain spectrum Raman fiber amplifiers.
- To develop a stable and efficient numerical method for solving Raman coupled equations.
- To optimize pump wavelengths and power levels for enhanced amplifier performance.
Main Methods:
- A novel shooting algorithm based on a modified Newton-Raphson method with a contraction factor was employed.
- An improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) method, incorporating velocity acceptability probability, was utilized.
- The scheme was used to design several broadband Raman fiber amplifiers in the C+L band.
Main Results:
- The proposed shooting algorithm stably and efficiently solved the two-point boundary problems of Raman coupled equations.
- The improved PSO method enhanced the efficiency and convergence rate of pump parameter optimization.
- A 4-pump amplifier design achieved an average on-off gain of 13.3 dB over an 80 nm bandwidth.
- The designed amplifier exhibited a maximum in-band gain ripple of approximately +/-0.5 dB.
Conclusions:
- The proposed pump scheme offers an effective approach for designing broadband and flat gain spectrum Raman fiber amplifiers.
- The combination of the novel shooting algorithm and improved PSO provides a powerful tool for optimizing amplifier parameters.
- The demonstrated performance of the designed amplifier validates the efficacy of the proposed scheme for practical applications.
