Primary pleomorphic liposarcoma of pericardium

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Pathology
• Surgical Oncology
• Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

• Pericardial masses are rare, and liposarcomas within the pericardium are exceptionally uncommon, posing diagnostic challenges.
• Early symptoms like dyspnea and chest oppression can be non-specific, potentially delaying diagnosis of underlying cardiac tumors.

Observation:

• A 42-year-old male presented with a 3-week history of exertional dyspnea and chest oppression.
• Computed tomography revealed a large, non-homogeneous, lobulated mass within the pericardial sac.
• Surgical resection of the pericardial mass was performed.

Findings:

• Histopathological analysis confirmed the mass as a pleomorphic liposarcoma, predominantly composed of epithelioid cells.
• The patient remained alive and well 18 months after surgical resection and diagnosis.
• The case highlights the diagnostic difficulties associated with rare pericardial tumors.

Implications:

• This case underscores the importance of thorough histopathological examination for accurate diagnosis of rare pericardial tumors.
• Prompt surgical intervention and definitive diagnosis are crucial for favorable outcomes in patients with pericardial liposarcoma.
• Increased awareness among clinicians regarding rare cardiac and pericardial neoplasms may improve early detection and management strategies.