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Related Concept Videos

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport01:24

Cellular Membranes and Drug Transport

Drugs must traverse multiple biological barriers, such as multi-layered skin, single-layered intestinal epithelium, and the plasma membrane, to reach their target sites within the body. The plasma membrane, a highly structured composite of phospholipids, carbohydrates, and proteins, is the cell's protective boundary, facilitating selective substance exchange.
Phospholipids arrange themselves into a bilayer, with hydrophilic heads oriented outward and hydrophobic tails facing inward.
Surface Membrane Barriers01:18

Surface Membrane Barriers

The skin and mucous membranes serve as the primary line of defense against pathogens by providing both physical and chemical protection. These barriers are essential in preventing the entry and establishment of microbes, thereby maintaining the integrity of the host.
The outer layer of the skin, the epidermis, is a robust barrier comprising layers of closely packed keratinized cells. This dense arrangement prevents microbes from penetrating the body. The periodic shedding of epidermal cells...

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Nanoparticles and their interactions with the dermal barrier.

Marc Schneider, Frank Stracke, Steffi Hansen

    Dermato-Endocrinology
    |July 2, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    Nanoparticle carriers show potential for dermal drug delivery, but their skin penetration remains unclear. Further research is needed to understand how nanoparticle size and skin conditions affect drug delivery and safety.

    Keywords:
    follicular targetinghuman skinnanoparticlesparticle penetrationparticle permeationskin models

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    Area of Science:

    • Nanotechnology
    • Dermal Drug Delivery
    • Biomaterials Science

    Background:

    • Dermal drug delivery offers convenient administration.
    • Nanoscale carrier systems are being explored for enhanced skin penetration.
    • Safety evaluation of engineered nanomaterials is crucial for risk assessment.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the interaction of nanoparticles with skin models.
    • To clarify the penetration capabilities of nano-carriers across the skin barrier.
    • To assess the influence of nanoparticle characteristics and skin conditions on dermal penetration.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on nanoparticle-skin interactions.
    • Analysis of studies using pig and murine skin models.
    • Evaluation of factors influencing nanoparticle penetration, including size, hydration, and mechanical stress.

    Main Results:

    • Data on nano-carrier skin penetration is conflicting, with some studies showing significant penetration and others showing minimal.
    • Nanoparticle size alone does not provide a conclusive picture of penetration.
    • Skin hydration and mechanical stress are critical factors influencing dermal penetration.

    Conclusions:

    • The penetration of nanoparticles through the skin barrier is complex and not fully understood.
    • Further research is required to elucidate the mechanisms governing nanoparticle-skin interactions for effective and safe dermal drug delivery.
    • Understanding these interactions is vital for both drug delivery efficacy and risk assessment of nanomaterials.