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Appendicitis

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...

Ascites

Ascites

DefinitionAscites is the buildup of fluid inside the peritoneal cavity. It occurs when fluid moves out of the vascular system faster than the peritoneal lymphatics can remove it. This fluid shift is most commonly seen in liver cirrhosis but can also appear in several other systemic disorders.EtiologyCirrhosis remains the leading cause of ascites. Other conditions that can contribute include:Heart failureConstrictive pericarditisAbdominal cancersNephrotic syndromeSevere protein–calorie...

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

Amebiasis

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...

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Related Experiment Videos

Large mesenteric cyst mimicking tuberculous ascites.

Cumhur Dulger¹, Ertan Adali, Serhat Avcu

¹Department of Gastroenterology, Yuzuncu Yil University, PK 65300, Van, Turkey.

Case Reports in Medicine

|July 2, 2010

Summary

Mesenteric cysts are rare intraabdominal lesions that can mimic tuberculous peritonitis. Early diagnosis using imaging and clinical signs is crucial for surgical removal.

Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Abdominal Surgery
Diagnostic Imaging

Background:

Intraabdominal lesions, including mesenteric cysts, are uncommon.
Mesenteric cysts are often discovered incidentally during abdominal examinations.

Observation:

A case of a mesenteric cyst presenting as tuberculous peritonitis with ascites is reported.
The cyst mimicked findings of tuberculosis, including low albumin gradient ascites and elevated adenosine deaminase levels.

Findings:

Mesenteric cysts typically lack specific clinical findings.
Diagnostic imaging (radiography, sonography) combined with clinical signs aids in diagnosis.

Implications:

This case highlights the importance of considering rare diagnoses in ascites.

Related Experiment Videos

Accurate diagnosis of mesenteric cysts is essential for appropriate surgical management.