Oxygenomics in environmental stress.

Area of Science:

• Environmental toxicology
• Molecular biology
• Human health

Background:

• Environmental stressors (chemicals, physical agents) induce oxidative stress, affecting human health.
• Understanding gene expression signatures in diseases like cancer and diabetes is crucial for elucidating mechanisms and risks.
• Oxidative stress impacts various cellular processes, including signaling pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review gene expression signatures related to environmental stress-induced oxidative stress.
• To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, etiology, and risk of environmental stress in human diseases.
• To categorize and describe key signaling pathways affected by oxidative stress.

Main Methods:

• Analysis of gene expression signatures in human and experimental animal models.
• Review of recent studies on oxidative stress-induced signaling pathways.
• Classification of signaling pathways into categories such as ROS metabolism, p53, NO, hypoxia, TGF-β/BMP, TNF, and mitochondrial function.

Main Results:

• Environmental stressors trigger diverse oxidative stresses with significant health implications.
• Gene expression signatures provide insights into disease mechanisms (neuronal disorders, cancer, diabetes).
• Key signaling pathways regulated by oxidative stress include ROS metabolism, p53, NO, hypoxia, TGF-β/BMP, TNF, and mitochondrial function.

Conclusions:

• Gene expression signatures are critical for understanding how environmental stressors induce oxidative stress.
• Elucidating these pathways is essential for assessing disease risk and developing interventions.
• The identified signaling pathways offer targets for mitigating adverse health effects of environmental exposures.