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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must have a...
The Colloidal State01:29

The Colloidal State

The formation of a colloidal system is exemplified by an aqueous solution containing Cl− ions is introduced to another containing Ag+ ions, resulting in the precipitation of solid AgCl as extremely tiny crystals. Instead of settling out as a filterable precipitate, these crystals remain suspended in the liquid, showcasing a colloidal system.A colloidal system involves colloidal particles within the approximate range of 1 to 1000 nm in at least one dimension, dispersed in a medium called the...
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the involved orbitals. The...
Colloids and Suspensions01:17

Colloids and Suspensions

Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...

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Facet-to-facet Linking of Shape-anisotropic Colloidal Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanostructures
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Tailoring light-matter-spin interactions in colloidal hetero-nanostructures.

Jiatao Zhang1, Yun Tang, Kwan Lee

  • 1Department of Physics and Center for Nanophysics and Advanced Materials, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.

Nature
|July 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Researchers achieved a significant optical Stark effect in cavity-free nanostructures. This breakthrough enables coherent spin manipulation in colloidal nanomaterials for quantum information processing.

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Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation
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Utilization of Plasmonic and Photonic Crystal Nanostructures for Enhanced Micro- and Nanoparticle Manipulation

Published on: September 27, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Optics and Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Quantum Information Science

Background:

  • Light-matter interactions are fundamental to many processes and applications.
  • The a.c. optical Stark effect (OSE) enables coherent quantum control of spins in semiconductors for quantum devices.
  • Nanoscale light-matter coupling is typically weakened, limiting applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To achieve a sizable OSE at substantial energy detuning in a cavity-free nanostructure.
  • To demonstrate coherent ultrafast spin manipulation within colloidal nanostructures.
  • To explore tailoring of OSE and spin manipulation via plasmon-exciton resonance.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of colloidal metal-semiconductor core-shell hetero-nanostructures.
  • Tuning metal surface plasmon resonance to spectrally match semiconductor exciton transitions.
  • Investigating the polarization dependence of the OSE.

Main Results:

  • A sizable OSE was achieved in a cavity-free nanostructure at substantial energy detuning.
  • The resonantly enhanced OSE exhibited polarization dependence.
  • Demonstrated coherent ultrafast spin manipulation in colloidal nanostructures.

Conclusions:

  • Resonant plasmon-exciton coupling in engineered nanostructures enables tailored light-matter-spin interactions.
  • This approach provides a pathway for quantum information processing at the nanoscale.
  • These nanostructures can serve as test beds for nano-biophotonics and nano-energy.