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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration01:21

Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration

Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell types that...
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...

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Flow Cytometry to Estimate Leukemia Stem Cells in Primary Acute Myeloid Leukemia and in Patient-derived-xenografts, at Diagnosis and Follow Up
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Published on: March 26, 2018

Targeting leukemic stem cells by breaking their dormancy.

Marieke Alida Gertruda Essers1, Andreas Trumpp

  • 1HI-STEM (Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine), Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, Germany. marieke.essers@hi-stem.de

Molecular Oncology
|July 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dormant stem cells resist chemotherapy. Activating dormant hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs) with agents like Interferon-alpha makes them sensitive to chemotherapy, offering a new treatment strategy.

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Modeling Chemotherapy Resistant Leukemia In Vitro
08:41

Modeling Chemotherapy Resistant Leukemia In Vitro

Published on: February 9, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Cancer Biology

Background:

  • Adult stem cells, including hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and leukemic stem cells (LSCs), exhibit quiescence or dormancy.
  • This dormant state is a key factor in the resistance of these cells to conventional anti-proliferative chemotherapy.
  • Understanding dormancy is crucial for developing effective cancer therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate methods for activating dormant HSCs and LSCs.
  • To determine if activated dormant stem cells become more susceptible to chemotherapy.
  • To propose a novel therapeutic strategy targeting dormant LSCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on stem cell dormancy and activation.
  • Analysis of agents like Interferon-alpha (IFNα), G-CSF, and arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) for their ability to induce stem cell cycling.
  • Evaluation of the sensitivity of cell cycle-activated stem cells to chemotherapeutic agents.

Main Results:

  • Interferon-alpha (IFNα), G-CSF, and arsenic trioxide (As(2)O(3)) can promote the cycling of dormant HSCs and LSCs.
  • Activated stem cells demonstrate heightened sensitivity to various chemotherapeutic drugs.
  • This suggests a potential vulnerability in previously resistant dormant stem cells.

Conclusions:

  • Dormant HSCs and LSCs can be roused into cell cycle activity by specific agents.
  • This activation renders them susceptible to chemotherapy, unlike their dormant counterparts.
  • A sequential therapeutic approach, involving initial activation followed by chemotherapy, may effectively target dormant leukemic stem cells in patients.