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Related Concept Videos

Uterine Tubes01:16

Uterine Tubes

The uterine or fallopian tubes function as the conduit through which oocytes travel from the ovaries to the uterus. Each fallopian tube measures approximately 10 to 13 cm long and is anatomically divided into the infundibulum, ampulla, isthmus, and interstitial part (or intramural segment). The infundibulum is characterized by its funnel shape and features extensions called fimbriae which reach towards the peritoneal cavity. These fimbriae play a critical role during ovulation as they extend...
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G Protein–Coupled Receptors (GPCRs) are membrane-bound receptors that transiently associate with heterotrimeric G proteins and induce an appropriate response to various stimuli. GPCRs regulate critical physiological pathways and are excellent drug targets for treating diseases such as diabetes, cancer, obesity, depression, or Alzheimer's. Nearly 35% of approved drugs implement their therapeutic effects by selectively interacting with specific GPCRs.
GPCRs are also called heptahelical, 7TM, or...
Transcytosis of IgG01:15

Transcytosis of IgG

Transcytosis is the process in which molecules are internalized by endocytosis, transported across the cell, and released through exocytosis from the opposite end of the cell. Molecules such as insulin, immunoglobulins, and certain nutrients are transferred through the recycling endosomes by recycling and transcytosis.
IgG molecules from a mother undergo transcytosis starting around 13 weeks of gestation. The amount of IgG transferred and entering the fetal blood circulation increases with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses
07:03

An Efficient Method for Extracting Human Fallopian Tube Epithelia for Single-cell Analyses

Published on: March 28, 2025

A local GABAergic system is functionally expressed in human fallopian tube.

Zhenzhong Zhou1, Hui Sun, Xiaomei Li

  • 1Department of Physiology, Shandong University School of Medicine, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications
|July 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The human fallopian tube synthesizes gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and has active GABAB receptors. Their increased expression may play a role in ectopic pregnancy.

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Ex Vivo Culture of Primary Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells
11:46

Ex Vivo Culture of Primary Human Fallopian Tube Epithelial Cells

Published on: May 9, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.
  • GABA acts through ionotropic (GABAA, GABAC) and metabotropic (GABAB) receptors.
  • GABAB receptors are dimers (GABABR1/R2) and found in both neural and peripheral tissues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the presence and function of GABA synthesis enzymes (glutamic acid decarboxylase, GAD65/67) and GABAB receptors in the human fallopian tube.
  • To determine if GABA and GABAB receptors are altered in ectopic pregnancy.

Main Methods:

  • Immunohistochemistry to localize GABABR1 and GAD65/67.
  • Immunoblotting to detect GABABR1 protein.
  • Tension recording to assess the functional effects of GABA and baclofen (GABAB agonist) on fallopian tube activity.

Main Results:

  • Human fallopian tube tissue expresses GABABR1 protein in epithelial and smooth muscle cells.
  • Epithelial cells also express GAD65/67, indicating GABA synthesis capability.
  • GABA and baclofen increased spontaneous activity of the fallopian tube.
  • GABAB receptor and GAD65/67 expression were significantly higher in ectopic pregnancy compared to intrauterine pregnancy.

Conclusions:

  • The human fallopian tube synthesizes GABA and possesses functional GABAB receptors.
  • Upregulation of GABA synthesis and GABAB receptors may be implicated in the pathophysiology of ectopic pregnancy.