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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Perceptual and Category Processing of the Uncanny Valley Hypothesis' Dimension of Human Likeness: Some Methodological Issues

Published on: June 3, 2013

Neural competition through visual similarity in face selection.

F Gentile¹, B M Jansma¹

¹Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands, Maastricht Brain Imaging Center (M-BIC), Maastricht University, The Netherlands.

|July 6, 2010

Summary

Biased Competition (BC) explains how the brain selects relevant faces. Similar faces compete more, while attention enhances target face processing in key brain areas.

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Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Visual Perception

Background:

Selective attention is crucial for processing complex visual scenes, especially faces.
The Biased Competition (BC) model proposes that simultaneous stimuli vie for neural representation, modulated by attention.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the applicability of the Biased Competition (BC) model to face selection.
To examine neural mechanisms underlying face processing and selection using fMRI.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to measure brain activity.
Participants performed tasks involving attending to or ignoring pairs of similar or dissimilar faces.

Main Results:

Similar faces showed greater neural competition than dissimilar faces when ignored, evidenced by reduced fMRI signal changes.
Attending to a target face enhanced its neural representation compared to ignoring faces, consistent with BC predictions.
These effects were observed in face-selective regions like the fusiform face area (FFA) and occipital face area (OFA).

Conclusions:

The Biased Competition (BC) model provides a viable framework for understanding selection mechanisms in face processing.
Neural competition and attentional modulation play significant roles in how the brain prioritizes and represents faces within visual processing areas.