Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response

The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...

Immunological Memory

Immunological Memory

Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature is...

Cross-reactivity

Cross-reactivity

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Repeated HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 Mismatches Without Preformed DSA Affect Graft Survival, Rejection and DSA Development: A Multicenter Analysis.

HLA·2025

Same author

The detrimental effect of donor-specific antibodies is irrespective of its level in highly-immunized living donor kidney transplant recipients: A case-control series.

Frontiers in immunology·2023

Same author

Soluble HLA-G blood levels are not increased during ongoing pregnancy in women with a history of recurrent pregnancy loss.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2022

Same author

Effect of seminal plasma on dendritic cell differentiation in vitro depends on the serum source in the culture medium.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2020

Same author

The development of preeclampsia in oocyte donation pregnancies is related to the number of fetal-maternal HLA class II mismatches.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2019

Same author

Reply to: Responsibility of scientific community in claiming to have found an association with recurrent pregnancy loss.

Journal of reproductive immunology·2019

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

Alloreactivity from human viral specific memory T-cells.

L J A D'Orsogna¹, D L Roelen, I I N Doxiadis

¹Dept of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands. l.j.a.d_orsogna@lumc.nl

Transplant Immunology

|July 6, 2010

Summary

Viral specific memory T-cells frequently exhibit crossreactivity to allo-HLA, challenging previous assumptions. This unexpected finding has significant implications for transplantation and tolerance induction strategies.

More Related Videos

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Published on: June 19, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Generation of Human Alloantigen-specific T Cells from Peripheral Blood

Published on: November 21, 2014

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Generation of Multivirus-specific T Cells to Prevent/treat Viral Infections after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant

Published on: May 27, 2011

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Published on: June 19, 2018

Area of Science:

Immunology
Transplantation immunology
T-cell biology

Background:

Alloreactive memory T-cells are crucial in transplantation immunology.
T-cell receptor (TCR) crossreactivity is a known phenomenon.
The generation of alloreactive T-cells in non-sensitized individuals is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To review evidence for crossreactive alloresponses from human viral specific memory T-cells.
To highlight the high frequency and specificity of these crossreactive responses.
To discuss mechanistic insights and clinical implications for transplantation.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on T-cell crossreactivity.
Analysis of data on viral specific T-cell clones and their allo-HLA reactivity.
Examination of structural biology data for TCR-HLA interactions.

Main Results:

A high frequency (45%) of viral specific T-cell clones exhibit allo-HLA crossreactivity.
Alloreactivity is observed to be peptide and tissue specific.
Structural elucidation provides mechanistic insights into TCR-HLA binding.

Conclusions:

Viral specific memory T-cells are a significant source of alloreactivity.
The high frequency of crossreactivity has major implications for solid organ and bone marrow transplantation.
Understanding these mechanisms may lead to improved tolerance induction strategies.