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[Economic impact of introducing the injectable inactivated polio vaccine in Colombia]

Nelson Alvis1, Fernando De la Hoz, Javier Narváez

  • 1Grupo de Investigación en Economía de la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de la Piedra de Bolívar, Cartagena, Colombia. nalvis@yahoo.com

Revista Panamericana De Salud Publica = Pan American Journal of Public Health
|July 6, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Introducing the injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in Colombia is not cost-effective compared to the oral polio vaccine (OPV). The analysis indicates that switching to IPV would incur significantly higher costs without substantial public health benefits for preventing polio.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Vaccinology
  • Health Economics

Background:

  • Colombia currently utilizes the oral polio vaccine (OPV) for its immunization program.
  • The injectable inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) is an alternative vaccination strategy.
  • Evaluating the economic implications of vaccine introduction is crucial for healthcare policy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cost-effectiveness of introducing the inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in Colombia.
  • To compare the economic impact of IPV versus the existing oral polio vaccine (OPV) program.
  • To analyze the costs associated with vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Main Methods:

  • A Markov model was developed to simulate a cohort of newborns receiving either OPV or IPV.
  • The model included a two-year follow-up period with monthly estimations of VAPP incidence.
  • Cost analysis was conducted from both insurer and societal perspectives, considering lifetime costs and DALYs.

Main Results:

  • Over 22.5 million OPV doses administered from 1988-1998 resulted in nine VAPP cases.
  • The model projected 2-4 VAPP cases in the subsequent two years.
  • IPV vaccination costs were significantly higher (US$5,527,777) than OPV (US$737,037), with VAPP treatment costs at US$302,008. IPV prevented 64 DALYs at US$71,062 per DALY, and preventing one VAPP case via substitution cost US$1.8-2.2 million.

Conclusions:

  • Substituting OPV with IPV in Colombia is not a cost-effective strategy.
  • This conclusion holds even when considering the potential replacement of the whole-cell pertussis vaccine with an acellular vaccine combined with IPV.
Abstract

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