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Related Concept Videos

Sound as Pressure Waves01:17

Sound as Pressure Waves

Sound waves, which are longitudinal waves, can be modeled as the displacement amplitude varying as a function of the spatial and temporal coordinates. As a column of the medium is displaced, its successive columns are also displaced. As the successive displacements differ relatively, a pressure difference with the surrounding pressure is created. The gauge pressure varies across the medium.
The pressure fluctuation depends on the difference in displacements between the successive points in the...
Hearing01:31

Hearing

When we hear a sound, our nervous system is detecting sound waves—pressure waves of mechanical energy traveling through a medium. The frequency of the wave is perceived as pitch, while the amplitude is perceived as loudness.
Sound Waves01:01

Sound Waves

Sound waves can be thought of as fluctuations in the pressure of a medium through which they propagate. Since the pressure also makes the medium's particles vibrate along its direction of motion, the waves can be modeled as the displacement of the medium's particles from their mean position.
Sound waves are longitudinal in most fluids because fluids cannot sustain any lateral pressure. In solids, however, shear forces help in propagating the disturbance in the lateral direction as well. Hence,...
Perception of Sound Waves01:01

Perception of Sound Waves

The human ear is not equally sensitive to all frequencies in the audible range. It may perceive sound waves with the same pressure but different frequencies as having different loudness. Moreover, the perception of sound waves depends on the health of an individual's ears, which decays with age. The health of one's ears may also be affected by regular exposure to loud noises.
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency and the pressure amplitude of the source. Two sounds of the same frequency...
Sound Intensity00:58

Sound Intensity

The loudness of a sound source is related to how energetically the source is vibrating, consequently making the molecules of the propagation medium vibrate. To measure the loudness of a source, the physical quantity of interest is the intensity. This is defined as the energy emitted per unit of time per unit of area perpendicular to the sound wave's propagation direction. Since the total energy is greater if the source vibrates for a longer duration and over a larger area, dividing the emitted...
Sound Waves: Resonance01:14

Sound Waves: Resonance

Resonance is produced depending on the boundary conditions imposed on a wave. Resonance can be produced in a string under tension with symmetrical boundary conditions (i.e., has a node at each end). A node is defined as a fixed point where the string does not move. The symmetrical boundary conditions result in some frequencies resonating and producing standing waves, while other frequencies interfere destructively. Sound waves can resonate in a hollow tube, and the frequencies of the sound...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
11:54

Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface

Published on: May 8, 2021

Representing actions through their sound.

Salvatore M Aglioti1, Mariella Pazzaglia

  • 1Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma 'La Sapienza', Via dei Marsi 78, Rome, Italy. salvatoremaria.aglioti@uniroma1.it

Experimental Brain Research
|July 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain links action execution and perception, even through sound. Auditory action representation involves fronto-parieto-temporal networks and may relate to somatotopy and language.

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A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
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A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies
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A Naturalistic Setup for Presenting Real People and Live Actions in Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies

Published on: August 4, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Neurobiology
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Mirror neurons link action execution and perception.
  • Recent research emphasizes auditory action representation.
  • Action perception extends beyond visual cues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking action execution and perception through audition.
  • To explore the neural basis of auditory action representation.
  • To discuss the role of somatotopy and language in audio-motor mapping.

Main Methods:

  • Animal studies providing direct evidence.
  • Cognitive neuroscience techniques in humans: fMRI, ERP, MEG, TMS.
  • Lesion analysis studies in brain-damaged patients.

Main Results:

  • Direct evidence shows actions are linked to multi-sensory cues.
  • Fronto-parieto-temporal networks are crucial for auditory action representation.
  • Somatotopy and language may underlie auditory action mapping.

Conclusions:

  • The brain intrinsically links actions with their sounds.
  • Auditory action representation is a key area for future research.
  • Understanding audio-motor mapping has implications for neuroscience and language.