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Related Concept Videos

Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Determining the Reactivity and Titre of Serum using a Haemagglutination Assay
05:59

Determining the Reactivity and Titre of Serum using a Haemagglutination Assay

Published on: January 29, 2010

Stable suspension for Vi-agglutination tests.

K Ando, H Shimojo

    Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    |July 7, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Two methods enhance the stability of Vi-agglutination test suspensions. Both methods preserve Vi-agglutinability and O-inagglutinability for six months at 37°C, with the second method also maintaining Vi-capsule staining.

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    Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

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    Published on: January 29, 2010

    Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Immunology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Vi-agglutination tests are crucial for identifying Salmonella Typhi.
    • Maintaining the stability of bacterial suspensions is essential for accurate diagnostic testing.
    • Current methods may face challenges in preserving antigen integrity during storage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop and evaluate stable suspension preparation methods for Vi-agglutination tests.
    • To assess the long-term stability of bacterial suspensions under controlled conditions.
    • To compare the efficacy of different stabilizing agents.

    Main Methods:

    • Preparation of heavy saline Vi-suspensions.
    • Treatment of suspensions with 0.5% calcium chloride (CaCl2).
    • Treatment of suspensions with 0.2% chrome alum solution.

    Main Results:

    • Both CaCl2 and chrome alum treatments maintained Vi-agglutinability and O-inagglutinability for 6 months at 37°C.
    • The chrome alum method additionally preserved the Vi-capsule staining property.
    • Both methods provide a stable antigen for serological testing.

    Conclusions:

    • Stable Vi-agglutination test suspensions can be prepared using CaCl2 or chrome alum.
    • Chrome alum offers an advantage by preserving Vi-capsule staining.
    • These methods improve the reliability and shelf-life of diagnostic reagents for typhoid fever detection.