Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics01:29

Microorganisms in Medicine and Therapeutics

1.3K
Microorganisms play a fundamental role in vaccine development, gene therapy, and therapeutic production. Their biological properties are harnessed to advance medicine and public health. Beyond immunization, microorganisms contribute to gut health, antibiotic synthesis, and genetic disease treatment.Live Attenuated and Inactivated VaccinesLive attenuated vaccines, such as the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, utilize weakened forms of pathogens to closely resemble natural infections.
1.3K
Cross-reactivity00:42

Cross-reactivity

33.6K
Overview
33.6K
Immunological Memory01:23

Immunological Memory

17.6K
Immunological memory, a pivotal pillar of the adaptive immune system, is responsible for the body's ability to remember and respond more swiftly and effectively to previously encountered pathogens. This remarkable feature is what makes vaccines so effective in preventing diseases.
What is Immunological Memory?
Immunological memory is an integral function of the immune system that allows it to recognize and react more rapidly and effectively to pathogens previously encountered. This feature...
17.6K
Active versus Passive Immunity01:31

Active versus Passive Immunity

11.6K
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
11.6K
Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

52.9K
Overview
52.9K
Development of Immunocompetence01:22

Development of Immunocompetence

1.1K
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Halothane genotype, pre-slaughter handling and stunning method all influence pork quality.

Meat science·2011
Same author

Comparison of CO(2) stunning with manual electrical stunning (50 Hz) of pigs on carcass and meat quality.

Meat science·2011
Same author

Foreword.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine·2011
Same author

Coccidia-induced mucogenesis promotes the onset of necrotic enteritis by supporting Clostridium perfringens growth.

Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2007
Same author

Autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy with mutations in the guanylate cyclase 2D gene encoding retinal guanylate cyclase-1.

Archives of ophthalmology (Chicago, Ill. : 1960)·2001
Same author

Clustering and frequency of mutations in the retinal guanylate cyclase (GUCY2D) gene in patients with dominant cone-rod dystrophies.

Journal of medical genetics·2001
Same journal

Diplomatic roles of regional coordinators for WHO Member States.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of an application for investments in cataract surgery, Ethiopia.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
Same journal

An umbrella protocol for the clinical evaluation of diagnostics in infectious disease.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
Same journal

Fundamental changes in regulation to improve access to biosimilars.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
Same journal

A public-private partnership for facility-based tuberculosis screening using chest radiographs, Viet Nam.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
Same journal

Ebola at a critical juncture: preparedness must outpace transmission.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 8, 2026

Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
06:57

Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: May 12, 2023

3.0K

Oral immunization against poliomyelitis.

A M Payne

    Bulletin of the World Health Organization
    |July 7, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has shown safety and effectiveness in large-scale trials. Repeated administration is necessary for optimal serological conversion, paving the way for potential poliomyelitis eradication.

    More Related Videos

    Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
    16:56

    Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

    Published on: August 30, 2014

    17.7K
    Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
    07:06

    Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification

    Published on: April 20, 2011

    16.0K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Mar 8, 2026

    Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
    06:57

    Author Spotlight: Adjuvant Activity of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis in Enhancing the Immunogenicity of Autoantigens During Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

    Published on: May 12, 2023

    3.0K
    Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections
    16:56

    Sublingual Immunotherapy as an Alternative to Induce Protection Against Acute Respiratory Infections

    Published on: August 30, 2014

    17.7K
    Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
    07:06

    Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification

    Published on: April 20, 2011

    16.0K

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Virology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Poliomyelitis remains a significant public health concern globally.
    • Attenuated poliovirus vaccines have been administered for immunization for a decade.
    • Assessing the safety and efficacy of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) is crucial.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the safety of current oral poliovirus vaccine strains.
    • To determine the practical effectiveness of OPV under diverse conditions.
    • To inform future vaccination strategies and poliomyelitis eradication efforts.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of large-scale clinical trial data involving nearly 70 million individuals.
    • Assessment of serological conversion rates to gauge vaccine efficacy.
    • Review of safety data for different OPV strains in various age groups and geographical settings.

    Main Results:

    • OPV demonstrates safety for individuals and communities, particularly where poliomyelitis affects infants and young children.
    • Sabin strains show safety in areas with disease in older children and adults; further data needed for Koprowski and Lederle strains.
    • Monovalent OPV strains exhibit comparable efficacy, though 100% serological conversion requires repeated administration.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral poliovirus vaccine is a safe and effective tool for poliomyelitis immunization.
    • Repeated OPV administration is essential for achieving high serological conversion rates.
    • Continued use and research into OPV hold promise for the eventual eradication of poliomyelitis.