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Sleep in children with autistic spectrum disorder

Flavia Cortesi1, Flavia Giannotti, Anna Ivanenko

  • 1Center of Pediatric Sleep Disorders, Department of Developmental Neurology and Psychiatry, University of Rome La Sapienza Italy, Via dei Sabelli 108, 00185 Rome, Italy. flavia.cortesi@uniroma1.it

Sleep Medicine
|July 8, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience significant sleep issues, often insomnia. Early identification and treatment, including behavioral and melatonin therapies, can improve sleep and daytime functioning.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Children and adolescents with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) exhibit high rates of sleep problems, particularly insomnia (40-80%).
  • Sleep disturbances in ASD may stem from biological, psychological, social, environmental, and familial factors, including parenting practices.
  • Children with a history of developmental regression show more severe sleep disturbances.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complexities of sleep regulation in children and adolescents with ASD.
  • To investigate potential causes of sleep abnormalities, including circadian rhythm disruptions and genetic factors related to melatonin.
  • To highlight the importance of identifying and treating sleep disorders in ASD for improved daytime behavior and family functioning.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sleep disorders in ASD.
  • Analysis of potential biological mechanisms, including genetic factors and melatonin synthesis.
  • Evaluation of the effectiveness of behavioral interventions and pharmacological treatments, such as melatonin.

Main Results:

  • Sleep problems in ASD are multifactorial, involving complex interactions and potential circadian abnormalities.
  • Behavioral interventions show effectiveness for sleep onset and maintenance issues.
  • Melatonin use in children with ASD demonstrates long-term effectiveness and safety.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep disorders are prevalent and impactful in children with ASD.
  • A comprehensive approach involving screening, behavioral interventions, and pharmacological options like melatonin is crucial.
  • Addressing sleep issues can positively influence both the child's behavior and overall family well-being.

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