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Diabetes progression from "high-normal" glucose in school teachers
Tadashi Moriuchi1, Rie Oka, Kunimasa Yagi
1Metabolic and Vascular Science, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa.
Internal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|July 8, 2010
Summary
Individuals with high-normal fasting glucose face a significantly increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Body Mass Index and alanine aminotransaminase levels can help identify those most at risk.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Public Health
Background:
- The category 'high-normal' fasting glucose (100-109 mg/dL) was introduced in 2008 as an intermediate stage between normal fasting glucose (NFG) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG).
- Understanding the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in individuals classified as high-normal is crucial for early intervention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the future incidence of type 2 diabetes in subjects with high-normal fasting glucose.
- To determine if other metabolic variables can aid in risk stratification for this group.
Main Methods:
- A historical cohort study followed 4,165 non-diabetic school employees from 2001 to 2008.
- Participants were categorized at baseline into normal fasting glucose (NFG), high-normal, and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels.
- Type 2 diabetes incidence was tracked over a mean follow-up of 5.1 years.
Main Results:
- The cumulative incidence of type 2 diabetes was 0.5% for NFG, 6.5% for high-normal, and 28.2% for IFG.
- High-normal and IFG categories showed a significant risk for diabetes incidence compared to NFG, even after multivariate adjustment.
- Body Mass Index (BMI) and alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) levels were independently associated with diabetes incidence.
Conclusions:
- Subjects with high-normal fasting glucose have a significantly elevated risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those with normal fasting glucose.
- BMI and ALT levels are valuable biomarkers for improving the risk stratification of individuals in the high-normal fasting glucose category.
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