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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:29

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

Pulmonary embolism (PE) occurs when a thrombus, fat or air embolus, amniotic fluid, or tumor tissue blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. These blockages originate in the venous system or the right side of the heart.EtiologyPE primarily arises from deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and other hypercoagulable states, such as inherited thrombophilias. Additional etiological factors include venous stasis, commonly seen in obesity, and endothelial injury from surgery and trauma. Less common causes include...
Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction01:19

Pulmonary Embolism I: Introduction

A blood clot, or thrombus, is a semi-solid mass composed of fibrin, platelets, and red blood cells. When it forms within a vessel, it can obstruct blood flow, known as thrombosis. If part of the clot detaches, it becomes an embolus that can travel and block distant vessels. When this occurs in the pulmonary arteries, it causes a condition known as pulmonary embolism (PE).Origin and ImpactMost often, the embolus originates from a thrombus in the deep veins of the lower limbs, a condition called...
Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:29

Pulmonary Embolism II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

Diagnosing Pulmonary EmbolismDiagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) involves clinical assessment and advanced imaging tests. The preferred diagnostic tool is the spiral (helical) CT scan or CT angiography (CTA), which uses intravenous contrast media to visualize the pulmonary vasculature and identify emboli.A ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scan is an alternative for patients unable to receive contrast media. This scan includes both perfusion and ventilation scanning. Perfusion scanning involves...
Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management01:27

Pulmonary Embolism III: Nursing Management

A pulmonary embolism occurs when a thrombus, amniotic fluid, tumor tissue, fat, or air embolus blocks one or more pulmonary arteries. Effective nursing management and patient education are crucial for improving outcomes and preventing recurrence.Nursing management starts with obtaining a comprehensive patient history, particularly noting any history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Assess for clinical manifestations, including dyspnea, chest pain, crackles, heart murmurs, and signs of right-sided...
Pneumothorax-I01:26

Pneumothorax-I

A pneumothorax is a condition where air builds up in the space between the lung and the chest wall, causing the lung to collapse. This condition arises when air enters the space between the parietal and visceral pleura, disrupting the negative pressure essential for lung inflation. This can lead to a partial or complete collapse of the lung.
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
07:44

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism

Published on: September 6, 2024

Pulmonary tumor embolism.

Matthew Lammi1, John Wurzel, Gerard J Criner

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Temple University Hospital, 3401 N. Broad Street, 7th Floor Parkinson Pavilion, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. matthew.lammi@tuhs.temple.edu

Lung
|July 8, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sudden cardiac death in a breast cancer patient was caused by widespread tumor emboli. Recognizing this rare but potentially treatable condition is crucial for improving patient outcomes.

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Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots
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Published on: October 25, 2024

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

A Porcine Model of Acute Autologous Pulmonary Embolism
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Published on: September 6, 2024

Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots
08:02

Establishment of a Minimally Invasive Rat Model of Pulmonary Embolism Using Autologous Blood Clots

Published on: October 25, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Breast cancer patients can experience respiratory distress.
  • Pulmonary embolism is a common concern in patients with shortness of breath.

Observation:

  • A 36-year-old woman with breast cancer presented with shortness of breath, progressing to hypoxemic respiratory failure.
  • Computed tomography angiogram ruled out pulmonary embolism.
  • Despite initial improvement in the intensive care unit, she experienced sudden cardiac death.

Findings:

  • Autopsy revealed extensive lymphatic and vascular tumor emboli as the cause of death.
  • Tumor emboli are an underdiagnosed cause of mortality.
  • Sudden death from tumor emboli is a rare presentation, distinct from typical progressive right heart failure.

Implications:

  • Increased awareness of tumor emboli is necessary for timely diagnosis.
  • Early recognition may offer opportunities for curative treatment.
  • This case highlights a rare but critical complication of advanced cancer.