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[Adult male circumcision for military men: history and future]
Philip Shihua Li1, Nian-Qing Lü, Puneet Masson
1Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery, Cornell Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Urology, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10065-4870, USA. psli@med.cornell.edu
Abstract:
Adult male circumcision (MC) has been shown to reduce the transmission of HPV, HSV, and HIV significantly during vaginal intercourse. However, the benefits of adult MC for men in military service have been poorly documented. Soldiers in war time have additional challenges in maintaining good penile hygiene, rendering uncircumcised men vulnerable to inflammation and infection; these maladies not only negatively impact these individuals, but also undermine the overall military strength. Adult MC can provide some long-term benefits for these military service men. Many African countries have already taken a special interest in adult MC for their military forces, resulting in increased numbers of these surgeries among this special population of men. In this review, we discuss the history of adult MC in the military along with the current trends and economic significance.
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