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Peritonitis associated with Pasteurella multocida: molecular evidence of zoonotic etiology

Atsushi Satomura1, Mitsuru Yanai, Takayuki Fujita

  • 1Division of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. atsushis@med.nihon-u.ac.jp

Therapeutic Apheresis and Dialysis : Official Peer-Reviewed Journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
|July 9, 2010
PubMed

Insights

A patient developed peritonitis from Pasteurella multocida during peritoneal dialysis. Genetic analysis confirmed the infection originated from the patient

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Zoonoses

Background:

  • Continuous cyclic peritoneal dialysis is a treatment for chronic kidney disease (CKD) in diabetic patients.
  • Peritonitis is a serious complication of peritoneal dialysis.

Observation:

  • A patient undergoing peritoneal dialysis for CKD secondary to type 2 diabetes mellitus developed peritonitis.
  • Pasteurella multocida was identified as the causative agent in the dialysis effluent.
  • The same bacterial strain was isolated from the patient's domestic cat.

Findings:

  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) demonstrated the P. multocida strains from the patient and the cat were identical.
  • This suggests a zoonotic transmission event from the pet cat to the patient.
  • The exact transmission route, despite no evidence of direct trauma to dialysis equipment, remains unknown.

Implications:

  • The increasing prevalence of pet ownership necessitates heightened awareness of potential zoonotic disease transmission.
  • Strict hygiene practices are crucial for pet owners, especially immunocompromised individuals, to prevent infections like zoonoses.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering animal contact in the differential diagnosis of peritonitis in patients on peritoneal dialysis.

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