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Culture of Bladder Cancer Organoids as Precision Medicine Tools
Published on: December 28, 2021
Considerations on implementing diagnostic markers into clinical decision making in bladder cancer
Yair Lotan1, Shahrokh F Shariat, Bernd J Schmitz-Dräger
1Department of Urology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. yair.lotan@utsouthwestern.edu
Urologic Oncology
|July 9, 2010
Summary
New bladder cancer diagnostic markers show promise but require further investigation for optimal clinical integration. Current methods like cystoscopy and cytology have limitations, necessitating improved urine-based tests for better detection and surveillance.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Oncology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Bladder cancer diagnosis and surveillance rely heavily on cystoscopy, an invasive procedure with limitations.
- Current urine-based cytology tests for bladder cancer have low sensitivity.
- Commercially available urine tumor markers lack guideline recommendations and sufficient evidence for replacing cystoscopy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To address challenges in the clinical integration of bladder cancer diagnostic markers.
- To outline criteria for the clinical utility of novel bladder cancer diagnostic markers.
- To explore the potential of urine-based markers for improved bladder cancer detection and surveillance.
Main Methods:
- Review of current diagnostic tools for bladder cancer (cystoscopy, cytology).
- Analysis of existing urine-based tumor markers and their limitations.
- Discussion of barriers to clinical adoption of new diagnostic tests.
Main Results:
- Cystoscopy is invasive and can miss cancers; cytology has poor sensitivity.
- Existing urine markers (e.g., Urovysion FISH, NMP22 BladderChek) have not demonstrated sufficient sensitivity to replace cystoscopy.
- Further research is needed to define optimal clinical scenarios and impact of bladder cancer markers.
Conclusions:
- Significant challenges exist in delivering and integrating new bladder cancer diagnostic markers into clinical practice.
- Criteria for establishing the clinical utility of new bladder cancer markers are proposed.
- Improved, sensitive, and specific urine-based markers are needed to enhance bladder cancer management.
