Medication issues in older individuals with CKD

Older US adults bear a substantial burden of chronic disease and take an average of five prescription and non-prescription medications per day. Recent data suggest that over 20% of older adults have chronic kidney disease (CKD) as defined by an impaired glomerular filtration rate. These individuals often have multiple comorbidities, including diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. Although patients with CKD may receive substantial benefits from prescribed medications, they are also at high risk for adverse drug events and polypharmacy. In this review, we outline the risks and benefits of medication use in the CKD population as a specific case within geriatric pharmacoepidemiology as a framework.