Orbital floor reconstruction

Area of Science:

• Reconstructive Surgery
• Craniofacial Surgery
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Orbital floor fractures, often resulting from trauma, necessitate reconstruction to restore orbital volume and function.
• Various autogenous and alloplastic materials have been employed for orbital floor reconstruction, each with distinct advantages and disadvantages.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of orbital floor reconstruction using autogenous bone grafts and alloplastic materials.
• To compare outcomes of reconstruction with Medpor, Medpor Titan, Titanium, and resorbable plates.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective study of 101 patients with orbital floor fractures (blow-out or zygomaticomaxillary).
• Reconstruction utilized autogenous bone grafts (calvarial, iliac) or alloplastic materials (Medpor, Medpor Titan, Titanium mesh, resorbable plates).
• Patient data reviewed pre-operatively, post-operatively, and at 12 months follow-up.

Main Results:

• Both autogenous and alloplastic materials demonstrated successful orbital floor reconstruction.
• Autogenous bone grafts showed minimal postoperative infection and are suitable for major orbital defects.
• Titanium mesh and Medpor-Titan-Medpor (MTM) provided excellent structural support for large defects; resorbable plates were effective in pediatric cases.

Conclusions:

• Autogenous bone grafts and alloplastic materials are viable options for orbital floor reconstruction.
• Material selection depends on defect size, patient age, and desired structural support.
• Autogenous bone grafts are recommended for extensive defects, while titanium and MTM are suitable for large reconstructions.