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Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Effects of Chemicals: Overview01:27

Effects of Chemicals: Overview

Drugs, encompassing various chemical compounds from natural sources, lab synthesis, or genetic engineering, elicit different biological responses in living organisms. Some of these responses are desirable or therapeutic, while others are undesirable. The primary goal of administering a drug is to achieve a therapeutic effect, that is, to address a specific disease or health condition. Any concurrent effects outside of this therapeutic outcome are considered undesirable. These undesirable...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion, evaluates...
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and the...
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography01:27

Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography

DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...

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Discontinuation of the double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized, phase III GORTEC 2022-01 trial of radiotherapy-cetuximab and xevinapant in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, unfit for cisplatin.

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Health-related quality of life outcomes from KEYNOTE-412: chemoradiotherapy with or without pembrolizumab in participants with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Assessment of Acute Ionizing Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity Using a Mouse Model
06:21

Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Assessment of Acute Ionizing Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity Using a Mouse Model

Published on: May 27, 2016

[Side effects evaluation of ionizing radiation].

Y Pointreau1, S Kreps, C Hennequin

  • 1Service Corad, Pôle Henry-S-Kaplan, CHU Bretonneau, 2 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France.

Cancer Radiotherapie : Journal De La Societe Francaise De Radiotherapie Oncologique
|July 10, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radiation therapy for cancer requires careful dose management to control tumors while minimizing side effects. The National Cancer Institute

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Assessment of Acute Ionizing Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity Using a Mouse Model
06:21

Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Assessment of Acute Ionizing Radiation Induced Skin Toxicity Using a Mouse Model

Published on: May 27, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Physics

Context:

  • External beam radiation therapy is a cornerstone of cancer treatment.
  • Tumor dose is critical for locoregional control but increases normal tissue exposure.
  • Adverse effects, both acute and late, are dose-dependent.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the necessity of dose constraints for organs at risk in radiation planning.
  • To highlight the importance of prospective toxicity recording and grading.
  • To assess the suitability of existing toxicity scales for accurate evaluation.

Summary:

  • Several toxicity scales (WHO, EORTC/RTOG, LENT-SOMA, NCI CTCAE) exist, but none are fully satisfactory.
  • The National Cancer Institute's Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 4.0 is proposed as the most adapted.
  • Adopting a universal classification like CTCAE 4.0 aims to standardize practices and establish a common language for reporting adverse events.

Impact:

  • Harmonizing toxicity reporting through a universal classification system.
  • Improving the accuracy and consistency of adverse event evaluation in clinical trials and practice.
  • Facilitating better understanding and management of radiation-induced toxicities across different institutions.