Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity01:25

Mutagenicity and Carcinogenicity

Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity refer to the ability of drugs to cause genetic defects and induce cancer, respectively. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classifies agents into four groups based on their carcinogenic potential. Group 1 agents are known human carcinogens; group 2A agents are probably carcinogenic to humans; group 3 agents lack data to support their role in carcinogenesis; and group 4 includes agents for which data support that they are not likely to be...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Patient empowerment and the Mediterranean diet as a possible tool to tackle prediabetes associated with overweight or obesity: a pilot study.

Hormones (Athens, Greece)·2019
Same author

Immune checkpoint blockade for Merkel cell carcinoma: actual findings and unanswered questions.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology·2019
Same author

Human exposure to bisphenol AF and diethylhexylphthalate increases susceptibility to develop differentiated thyroid cancer in patients with thyroid nodules.

Chemosphere·2019
Same author

Role of Nutrition and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in the Multidisciplinary Approach of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Evaluation of Nutritional Status and Its Association with Severity of Disease.

Nutrients·2019
Same author

Gender-related issues in the pharmacology of new anti-obesity drugs.

Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·2018
Same author

Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) as Novel Potential Biomarker of Early Predictors of Metabolic Syndrome.

Nutrients·2018
Same journal

What Is Hidden Behind Growth Hormone Deficiency? The Neuroradiologist's Perspective.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
Same journal

Fugitive Acromegaly: A Historical, Clinical, and Translational Perspective.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
Same journal

Perioperative Mobility Assessment of Acromegalic Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Endonasal Resection of Pituitary Adenomas Using Digital Phenotyping.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
Same journal

Treatment with Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogues in Patients with Acromegaly: When and How.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
Same journal

Bone, Metabolic and Mental Detrimental Effects of GHD: Reasons Underlying Replacement Therapy in Adults.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
Same journal

Pituitary Acrogigantism: From the Past to the Future.

Frontiers of hormone research·2024
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
07:43

Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

Published on: January 17, 2018

Pituitary carcinomas.

Annamaria Colao, Arantzazu Sebastian Ochoa, Renata Simona Auriemma

    Frontiers of Hormone Research
    |July 10, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Pituitary carcinoma, a rare aggressive tumor, often initially misdiagnosed as benign, has a poor prognosis. Early detection of molecular markers is crucial for effective treatment of this challenging condition.

    More Related Videos

    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis
    07:43

    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis

    Published on: February 8, 2017

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas
    07:43

    Endoscopic Endonasal Trans-sphenoidal Approach: Minimally Invasive Surgery for Pituitary Adenomas

    Published on: January 17, 2018

    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis
    07:43

    Intracarotid Cancer Cell Injection to Produce Mouse Models of Brain Metastasis

    Published on: February 8, 2017

    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Molecular Pathology

    Background:

    • Pituitary carcinoma is exceptionally rare with a very poor prognosis.
    • It is often initially diagnosed as a benign pituitary tumor before progressing to an aggressive, therapy-resistant state.
    • Metastases are required for diagnosis, but the tumor typically follows a long latency period.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the current understanding of pituitary carcinoma.
    • To highlight the challenges in early diagnosis and treatment.
    • To emphasize the need for identifying molecular markers for improved prognosis.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of recent literature on pituitary carcinoma pathogenesis.
    • Analysis of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria.
    • Discussion of current therapeutic strategies and their limitations.

    Main Results:

    • Most pituitary carcinomas are functioning, with ACTH- and PRL-secreting types being most common.
    • Recent studies have begun to elucidate molecular pathogenesis and identify potential aggressiveness markers.
    • Current treatments including surgery, radiotherapy, and medical/chemotherapy show limited efficacy.

    Conclusions:

    • Pituitary carcinoma requires earlier diagnosis through molecular markers for better treatment outcomes.
    • Understanding the molecular pathogenesis is key to developing novel therapeutic targets.
    • Improved therapeutic strategies are urgently needed due to the poor response to current treatments.