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Related Concept Videos

Simple Pendulum01:10

Simple Pendulum

A simple pendulum consists of a small diameter ball suspended from a string, which has negligible mass but is strong enough to not stretch. In our daily life, pendulums have many uses, such as in clocks, on a swing set, and on a sinker on a fishing line.
The period of a simple pendulum depends on two factors: its length and the acceleration due to gravity. The period is completely independent of any other factors, such as mass or maximum displacement. For small displacements, a pendulum is...
Physical Pendulum01:06

Physical Pendulum

When a rigid body is hanging freely from a fixed pivot point and is displaced, it oscillates similar to a simple pendulum and is known as a physical pendulum. The period and angular frequency of a physical pendulum are obtained by using the small-angle approximation and drawing parallels with a spring-mass system. The small-angle approximation (sinθ=θ) is valid up to about 14°.
When dealing with complicated systems, the mass moment of inertia is an important parameter, as it describes the mass...
Effects of Creep01:25

Effects of Creep

Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
Torsional Pendulum01:09

Torsional Pendulum

A torsional pendulum involves the oscillation of a rigid body in which the restoring force is provided by the torsion in the string from which the rigid body is suspended. Ideally, the string should be massless; practically, its mass is much smaller than the rigid body's mass and is neglected.
As long as the rigid body's angular displacement is small, its oscillation can be modeled as a linear angular oscillation. The amplitude of the oscillation is an angle. The role of mass is played by the...
Factors Affecting Creep01:28

Factors Affecting Creep

In normal-weight aggregate concrete, the hardened cement paste is the primary contributor to creep, whereas the aggregates, being stiffer than the cement paste, are more resilient to stress-induced deformation. The stiffness of the aggregates is defined by their modulus of elasticity, and the more voluminous they are in the concrete, the less it will creep.
Further, the water/cement ratio is critical, as a lower ratio increases concrete strength, thus reducing creep. The strength of the...
Conservation of Mechanical Energy01:05

Conservation of Mechanical Energy

The mechanical energy E of a system is the sum of its potential energy U and the kinetic energy K of the objects within it. What happens to this mechanical energy when only conservative forces cause energy transfers within the system—that is, when frictional and drag forces do not act on the objects in the system? Also assume that the system is isolated from its environment; in other words no external force from an object outside the system causes energy changes inside the system.
When a...

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An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids
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Fluid creep: the pendulum hasn't swung back yet!

Robert Cartotto1, Amy Zhou

  • 1From The Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Burn Care & Research : Official Publication of the American Burn Association
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PubMed
Summary

Despite awareness of fluid creep, burn centers struggle to reverse excessive fluid resuscitation. Studies show fluid administration and urine output trends remain largely unchanged, indicating a need for better titration strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Trauma Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Burn Management

Background:

  • Fluid creep, or excessive fluid resuscitation, has been recognized for nearly a decade.
  • Many burn centers are aware of fluid creep, but its reversal remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the success in reversing fluid creep at a specific adult regional burn center.
  • To analyze fluid resuscitation practices and outcomes over an 8-year period.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 196 adult patients with >/=15% TBSA burns.
  • Analysis of fluid resuscitation using the Parkland formula within the first 48 hours post-burn.
  • Evaluation of fluid volumes, urine output, and use of colloids and intra-abdominal pressure monitoring.

Main Results:

  • Patients received a mean of 6.3 ml/kg/%TBSA crystalloids in the first 24 hours, with 76% exceeding Baxter's upper limit.
  • Mean hourly urine output was 1.2 ml/kg/h, with minimal downward trends over the study period.
  • Despite awareness, fluid infusion rates were not significantly titrated down, and excessive pre-burn center fluid administration persisted.

Conclusions:

  • The study found minimal headway in reversing fluid creep at the facility.
  • Failure to titrate fluid infusion rates and accept higher urine output contributed to continued excessive resuscitation.
  • Excessive pre-burn center fluid administration remains a significant factor in fluid creep.