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Targeted therapy in the treatment of malignant gliomas
Rimas V Lukas1, Adrienne Boire, M Kelly Nicholas
1Department of Neurology;
Abstract:
Malignant gliomas are invasive tumors with the potential to progress through current available therapies. These tumors are characterized by a number of abnormalities in molecular signaling that play roles in tumorigenesis, spread, and survival. These pathways are being actively investigated in both the pre-clinical and clinical settings as potential targets in the treatment of malignant gliomas. We will review many of the therapies that target the cancer cell, including the epidermal growth factor receptor, mammalian target of rapamycin, histone deacetylase, and farnesyl transferase. In addition, we will discuss strategies that target the extracellular matrix in which these cells reside as well as angiogenesis, a process emerging as central to tumor development and growth. Finally, we will briefly touch on the role of neural stem cells as both potential targets as well as delivery vectors for other therapies. Interdependence between these varied pathways, both in maintaining health and in causing disease, is clear. Thus, attempts to easily classify some targeted therapies are problematic.
Insights
Targeted therapies for malignant gliomas show promise by targeting cancer cells and their environment. However, the complex interplay of molecular pathways makes treatment classification challenging.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cancer Therapeutics
Background:
- Malignant gliomas are aggressive brain tumors that often resist current treatments.
- Tumorigenesis, spread, and survival in gliomas involve numerous molecular signaling abnormalities.
- Investigating these pathways is crucial for developing effective glioma therapies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current and emerging targeted therapies for malignant gliomas.
- To discuss strategies targeting cancer cells, the extracellular matrix, and angiogenesis.
- To explore the role of neural stem cells in glioma treatment.
Main Methods:
- Review of pre-clinical and clinical research on targeted therapies for malignant gliomas.
- Analysis of molecular pathways implicated in glioma development and progression.
- Discussion of therapeutic strategies including targeted agents and novel approaches.
Main Results:
- Several molecular targets are being investigated, including epidermal growth factor receptor, mammalian target of rapamycin, histone deacetylase, and farnesyl transferase.
- Strategies targeting the extracellular matrix and angiogenesis are emerging as important therapeutic avenues.
- Neural stem cells present potential as both therapeutic targets and delivery systems.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapies offer new hope for treating malignant gliomas by addressing specific molecular defects.
- The complex interdependence of signaling pathways complicates the classification and application of targeted therapies.
- A comprehensive understanding of these pathways is essential for advancing glioma treatment.
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