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Genotypic Inference of HIV-1 Tropism Using Population-based Sequencing of V3

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Published on: December 27, 2010

The changing disease-scape in the third epidemiological transition.

Kristin Harper¹, George Armelagos

¹Robert Wood Johnson Health & Society Scholar Program, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. kh2383@columbia.edu

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|July 10, 2010

Summary

The epidemiological transition model explains shifts in human disease patterns. A third transition is underway, marked by resurgent and novel infectious diseases amplified by globalization.

Keywords:

degenerative disease epidemiological transition globalization infectious disease

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Area of Science:

Epidemiology
Public Health
Medical History

Background:

The epidemiological transition model outlines historical shifts in disease patterns related to societal changes.
The first transition, linked to agriculture, introduced infectious and nutritional diseases.
The second transition saw a decrease in infectious diseases and an increase in degenerative conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the ongoing third epidemiological transition.
To highlight the role of globalization in disease spread.

Main Methods:

Conceptual analysis of historical and current epidemiological trends.
Review of the epidemiological transition model.

Main Results:

The first transition (agriculture) established infectious/nutritional disease patterns.
The second transition (last two centuries) shifted to degenerative diseases.
The third transition involves resurgent familiar infections and novel diseases, accelerated by globalization.

Conclusions:

Human disease patterns are dynamic and influenced by societal development.
Globalization poses significant risks for the rapid spread of infectious diseases.
Understanding these transitions is crucial for global public health strategies.