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Published on: March 24, 2023
Tuberous sclerosis: a case report
Nicola Jayne Cross1, Diane E Fung
1Glasgow Dental Hospital and School, Glasgow, Scotland. nicolacross20@hotmail.com
Summary
Tuberous sclerosis, a rare genetic disorder, can cause fibrous oral lesions on the gums. Dental care for patients with tuberous sclerosis requires special consideration due to potential complications like epilepsy.
Area of Science:
- Genetics
- Neurology
- Dermatology
Background:
- Tuberous sclerosis is an inherited neurocutaneous disorder affecting approximately 1 in 7,500 live births.
- It is characterized by benign neoplasms in multiple organs, including the skin, heart, kidneys, lungs, and central nervous system.
- Oral manifestations, typically fibrous growths on the anterior gingivae, can occur.
Observation:
- A 10-year-old girl with a history of tuberous sclerosis presented with a leafy gingival growth during a routine dental check-up.
- An excisional biopsy was performed to investigate the lesion.
- Histological examination revealed nonspecific findings consistent with tuberous sclerosis.
Findings:
- Tuberous sclerosis can present with distinct oral manifestations, such as gingival growths.
- Patients with tuberous sclerosis may experience associated conditions like epilepsy and learning difficulties.
- The histological appearance, though nonspecific, supported the diagnosis in this case.
Implications:
- Early detection and recognition of oral lesions in tuberous sclerosis patients are crucial.
- Dental management requires careful planning due to potential complications like epilepsy and learning difficulties.
- This case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to managing patients with tuberous sclerosis and its oral manifestations.
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