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Related Concept Videos

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the addition of a...
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Label-Free Imaging of Lipid Storage Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
10:59

Label-Free Imaging of Lipid Storage Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Published on: May 28, 2021

EAK-7 controls development and life span by regulating nuclear DAF-16/FoxO activity.

Hena Alam1, Travis W Williams, Kathleen J Dumas

  • 1Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Cell Metabolism
|July 13, 2010
PubMed
Summary

The C. elegans protein EAK-7 inhibits the FoxO transcription factor DAF-16, promoting diapause and longevity. EAK-7 regulates nuclear FoxO activity independently of DAF-16

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Label-Free Imaging of Lipid Storage Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
10:59

Label-Free Imaging of Lipid Storage Dynamics in Caenorhabditis elegans using Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy

Published on: May 28, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • FoxO transcription factors are crucial for development and longevity across species.
  • Regulation of FoxO activity by subcellular localization is understood, but nuclear regulation is less clear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the C. elegans protein EAK-7 in regulating FoxO transcription factors.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which EAK-7 affects FoxO activity within the nucleus.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized C. elegans as a model organism.
  • Investigated the interaction between EAK-7, AKT-1, and the FoxO transcription factor DAF-16.
  • Analyzed the effects of EAK-7 and AKT-1 mutations on DAF-16 subcellular localization and activity.

Main Results:

  • EAK-7 acts in parallel to AKT-1 to inhibit DAF-16 activity.
  • Loss of EAK-7 function enhances diapause and longevity in a DAF-16-dependent manner.
  • EAK-7 mutation increases nuclear DAF-16 activity without altering its localization, unlike AKT-1.

Conclusions:

  • EAK-7 is a novel regulator of FoxO transcription factors.
  • EAK-7 and AKT-1 employ distinct mechanisms to inhibit DAF-16 activity.
  • A regulatory pathway exists that modulates nuclear FoxO activity independent of subcellular localization.