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Cell Adhesion in Plants01:14

Cell Adhesion in Plants

Plants have rigid cell walls that are made up of cell wall polysaccharides that mediate cell-cell adhesion. The primary cell walls of plants consist of two independent and interacting polysaccharide networks: a pectin matrix that embeds the second network comprising cellulose and hemicelluloses.
Pectins are complex heteropolymers mainly composed of negatively-charged α-D-glucopyranosyl uronic acid and some neutral glycosyl residues such as α-L-rhamnopyranose, α-L-arabinofuranose, and...

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Quantification of Cell-Substrate Adhesion Area and Cell Shape Distributions in MCF7 Cell Monolayers
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The quantification of single cell adhesion on functionalized surfaces for cell sheet engineering.

G Weder1, O Guillaume-Gentil, N Matthey

  • 1Swiss Centre for Electronics and Microtechnology, CSEM SA, Nanotechnology and Life Sciences, Jaquet-Droz 1, 2002 Neuchâtel, Switzerland. gilles.weder@csem.ch

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Summary

This study quantifies fibroblast cell adhesion forces on various engineered surfaces using atomic force microscopy. Results show adhesion varies significantly with polyelectrolyte layers and temperature-responsive polymers, enabling controlled cell attachment.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Cellular Biophysics
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Cell adhesion is crucial for tissue engineering and understanding cellular behavior.
  • Chemically functionalized surfaces offer tunable platforms for controlling cell-material interactions.
  • Quantifying adhesion forces provides insights into the biophysical mechanisms governing cell attachment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and quantify the adhesion forces of 3T3 fibroblasts on diverse chemically functionalized surfaces.
  • To evaluate the impact of polyelectrolyte multilayers and thermoresponsive polymers on cell adhesion.
  • To explore the potential of patterned surfaces for modulating cell adhesion without altering cell morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized atomic force microscopy (AFM) force spectroscopy to measure single-cell detachment forces.
  • Grew 3T3 fibroblasts on glass, polyelectrolyte-coated (poly-L-lysine/hyaluronic acid), and poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) surfaces.
  • Employed fibronectin-coated AFM cantilevers for controlled cell detachment and force measurement.

Main Results:

  • Cell adhesion forces varied significantly on polyelectrolyte multilayers, dependent on the number of layers.
  • PNIPAM-grafted surfaces exhibited over a tenfold change in cell adhesion above and below the lower critical solution temperature.
  • Patterned PNIPAM microdomains on glass reduced cellular adhesion while preserving cell morphology.

Conclusions:

  • Chemically functionalized surfaces, particularly those with tunable properties like PNIPAM, can precisely control fibroblast adhesion.
  • Force spectroscopy is a valuable tool for quantifying cell-surface interactions in engineered biomaterials.
  • Surface engineering strategies can decouple cell adhesion from cell morphology, offering new possibilities for cell sheet engineering.